Peptide Skincare & BeautySkin science and ingredient guides

Skin science article

CeraVe Eye Repair Cream Versus First Aid Beauty Hydrating Eye Cream with Hyaluronic Acid

CeraVe Eye Repair Cream Versus First Aid Beauty Hydrating Eye Cream with Hyaluronic Acid This barrier-repair eye moisturizer is formulated around Niacinamide and Ceramide NP to strengthen the skin barrier and hydrate skin. This calming eye moisturizer is formu

CeraVe Eye Repair Cream Versus First Aid Beauty Hydrating Eye Cream with Hyaluronic Acid

This barrier-repair eye moisturizer is formulated around Niacinamide and Ceramide NP to strengthen the skin barrier and hydrate skin.

This calming eye moisturizer is formulated around Caffeine and Hyaluronic Acid to calm redness and hydrate skin.

What's inside

Key Ingredients

Benefits

Concerns

Ingredients Side-by-side

Water

Niacinamide

Cetyl Alcohol

Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride

Glycerin

Propanediol

Isononyl Isononanoate

Jojoba Esters

PEG-20 Methyl Glucose Sesquistearate

Cetearyl Alcohol

Dimethicone

Methyl Glucose Sesquistearate

Asparagopsis Armata Extract

Ceramide NP

Ceramide AP

Potassium Sorbate

Ceramide EOP

Sorbitol

Carbomer

Zinc Citrate

Behentrimonium Methosulfate

Triethanolamine

Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Extract

Sodium Lauroyl Lactylate

Sodium Hydroxide

Equisetum Arvense Extract

Sodium Hyaluronate

Cholesterol

Phenoxyethanol

Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis Oil

Tocopherol

Ascophyllum Nodosum Extract

Laureth-4

Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil

Tetrasodium EDTA

Maltodextrin

Phytosphingosine

Xanthan Gum

Butylene Glycol

Ethylhexylglycerin

Chrysanthellum Indicum Extract

Water, Niacinamide, Cetyl Alcohol, Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Glycerin, Propanediol, Isononyl Isononanoate, Jojoba Esters, PEG-20 Methyl Glucose Sesquistearate, Cetearyl Alcohol, Dimethicone, Methyl Glucose Sesquistearate, Asparagopsis Armata Extract, Ceramide NP, Ceramide AP, Potassium Sorbate, Ceramide EOP, Sorbitol, Carbomer, Zinc Citrate, Behentrimonium Methosulfate, Triethanolamine, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Extract, Sodium Lauroyl Lactylate, Sodium Hydroxide, Equisetum Arvense Extract, Sodium Hyaluronate, Cholesterol, Phenoxyethanol, Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis Oil, Tocopherol, Ascophyllum Nodosum Extract, Laureth-4, Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil, Tetrasodium EDTA, Maltodextrin, Phytosphingosine, Xanthan Gum, Butylene Glycol, Ethylhexylglycerin, Chrysanthellum Indicum Extract

Ethylhexyl Olivate

Prunus Armeniaca Kernel Oil

Mangifera Indica Seed Butter

Sodium Acrylates Crosspolymer-2

Cetyl Phosphate

Caffeine

Squalane

Hyaluronic Acid

Panthenol

Cucumis Sativus Fruit Extract

Avena Sativa Bran Extract

Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice

Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract

Colloidal Oatmeal

Chrysanthemum Parthenium Extract

Glycyrrhiza Glabra Root Extract

Citrus Aurantium Dulcis Peel Extract

Caprylyl Glycol

Sodium Phytate

Sodium Polyglutamate

C20-22 Alkyl Phosphate

1,2-Hexanediol

C20-22 Alcohols

Hydroxyacetophenone

Potassium Hydroxide

Water, Ethylhexyl Olivate, Prunus Armeniaca Kernel Oil, Butylene Glycol, Cetyl Alcohol, Glycerin, Mangifera Indica Seed Butter, Sodium Acrylates Crosspolymer-2, Cetyl Phosphate, Caffeine, Squalane, Hyaluronic Acid, Panthenol, Cucumis Sativus Fruit Extract, Avena Sativa Bran Extract, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice, Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract, Colloidal Oatmeal, Chrysanthemum Parthenium Extract, Glycyrrhiza Glabra Root Extract, Citrus Aurantium Dulcis Peel Extract, Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Caprylyl Glycol, Sodium Phytate, Sodium Polyglutamate, C20-22 Alkyl Phosphate, 1,2-Hexanediol, C20-22 Alcohols, Hydroxyacetophenone, Propanediol, Phenoxyethanol, Potassium Hydroxide

Reviews

Alternatives

Ingredients Explained

These ingredients are found in both products.

Ingredients higher up in an ingredient list are typically present in a larger amount.

Butylene Glycol (or BG) is used within cosmetic products for a few different reasons:

Overall, Butylene Glycol is a safe and well-rounded ingredient that works well with other ingredients.

Though this ingredient works well with most skin types, some people with sensitive skin may experience a reaction such as allergic rashes, closed comedones, or itchiness.

Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride (aka MCT Oil) is a lightweight emollient, solvent, and texture enhancer. It is considered a skin-softener by helping to prevent moisture loss.

Though it behaves like an oil, it is not technically one due to its chemical composition. One perk of this ingredient is that it is very stable, resistant to oxidation, and unlikely to go rancid.

In practice, that translates to a long shelf life and a consistently elegant skin feel.

While there is an assumption Caprylic Triglyceride can clog pores due to it being derived from coconut oil, there is no research supporting this. Just patch test if you have concerns.

Fractionated coconut oil and MCT Oil are both listed as Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride according to INCI. This is because INCI names are based on the ingredient’s final chemical composition and not its marketing name or source.

This ingredient is treated as the gold standard fungal acne safe oil. Even though it is coconut derived, the problematic lauric acid is stripped out.

This leaves just caprylic (C8) and capric (C10) acid. These chain lengths actually trend antifungal; a 2020 study found caprylic acid was enough to disrupt Malassezia furfur cell membrane, with a caprylic acid derivative damaging membrane structures at concentrations as low as 0.2%.

Cetyl Alcohol is a fatty alcohol. Fatty Alcohols are most often used as an emollient or to thicken a product.

Its main roles are:

Though it has "alcohol" in the name, it is not related to denatured alcohol or ethyl alcohol.

The FDA allows products labeled "alcohol-free" to have fatty alcohols.

This ingredient may not be fungal acne safe. It is a primary fatty alcohol with a chain length above 12 carbons. A study from 2019 show Malassezia can feed on fatty alcohols in this range, so it may trigger fungal acne in those prone to it.

Glycerin (or glycerol) is a compound naturally found in your skin. It's a powerhouse humectant that pulls water into the stratum corneum.

Topically, glycerin does several things at once:

Your skin makes glycerin on its own (mostly from sebaceous oil breakdown) and shuttles it to your outermost layer of skin, or your epidermis, via aquaporin-3.

Aquaporin-3 is a transporter that is essential for normal skin hydration, elasticity, and repair. Interestingly, mice lacking in AQP3 have dry and less elastic skin that can be fully corrected with glycerin.

This ingredient is non-irritating, plays well with almost every ingredient, and works across all skin types. Typical use is anywhere between 3-10% but can go up to 79% in some leave-on products.

Just know very high concentrations (>40%) can feel tacky in low humidity.

Glycerin is the name for this ingredient in American English. British English uses Glycerol/Glycerine.

Phenoxyethanol is one of the most widely used preservatives in skincare (and for good reason!).

It has a large spectrum of antimicrobial activity and especially effective bacteria, yeast, and mold while only having a weak effect on your skin's natural microbiome.

On a cellular level, it disrupts the cell membranes of microbes by poking holes that make the cell leak. This shuts down the chemical reactions the microbe needs to make energy so it can no longer survive.

Another perk of this ingredient is that it stays functional across a wide pH range (3-10).

You'll often see it paired with boosters like Ethylhexylglycerin; one study showed that a 1:9 ratio of Ethylhexylglycerin to Phenoxyethanol damages bacterial membranes as effectively as doubling the Phenoxyethanol concentration on its own.

Typical use concentrations range from 0.3-1% depending on the formula, and this ingredient is capped at 1% int the EU.

Safety-wise, the fear mongering does not hold up to the evidence. The EU's Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety and FDA consider it safe as a preservative at up to 1%, including for children of all ages.

Adverse systemic effects only showed up in animal studies at exposures roughly 200x higher than what people get from cosmetics. And despite its very widespread use, this ingredient is a rare sensitizer and allergic reactions are uncommon.

Propanediol is an all-star ingredient. It softens, hydrates, and smooths the skin.

It’s often used to:

Propanediol is not likely to cause sensitivity and considered safe to use. It is derived from corn or petroleum with a clear color and no scent.

Water. It's the most common cosmetic ingredient of all. You'll usually see it at the top of ingredient lists, meaning that it makes up the largest part of the product.

So why is it so popular? Water most often acts as a solvent - this means that it helps dissolve other ingredients into the formulation.

You'll also recognize water as that liquid we all need to stay alive. If you see this, drink a glass of water. Remember to stay hydrated!

Similar Comparisons

The reference edit

Ingredients, questions
& further reading.

Connected source records selected through this article’s public topic index.

01

Formula cabinet

Ingredients & structured notes

Ingredient index

Ingredients Side-by-side

  1. 01Water
  2. 02Glycerin
  3. 03Squalane
  4. 04Lepidium Sativum Sprout Extract
  5. 05Sodium Acrylates Copolymer
  6. 06Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride
  7. 07Phenoxyethanol
  8. 08Capryloyl Glycerin/Sebacic Acid Copolymer
  9. 09Lecithin
  10. 10Caprylyl Glycol
  11. 11Diheptyl Succinate
  12. 12Isoeicosane
  13. 13Allantoin
  14. 14Bisabolol
  15. 15Sodium Phytate
  16. 16Glycine Soja Sterols
  17. 17Linoleic Acid
  18. 18Phospholipids
  19. 19Hansenula/Kloeckera/Lactobacillus/Lactococcus/Leuconostoc/Pediococcus/Saccharomyces/Fig/Lemon Ferment
  20. 20Chondrus Crispus Extract
Source · skinsort.com
02

Product index

Related product references

03

Comparison edit

Read side by side