Skin science article
COSRX Refresh AHA BHA Vitamin C (ABC) Daily Toner Versus Beauty of Joseon Bubble Toner: Green Plum + AHA
COSRX Refresh AHA BHA Vitamin C (ABC) Daily Toner Versus Beauty of Joseon Bubble Toner: Green Plum + AHA This smoothing toner is formulated around Niacinamide and Glycolic Acid to refine skin texture and brighten dull-looking skin. This smoothing toner is form
COSRX Refresh AHA BHA Vitamin C (ABC) Daily Toner Versus Beauty of Joseon Bubble Toner: Green Plum + AHA
This smoothing toner is formulated around Niacinamide and Glycolic Acid to refine skin texture and brighten dull-looking skin.
This smoothing toner is formulated around Glycolic Acid to refine skin texture and brighten dull-looking skin.
What's inside
Key Ingredients
Benefits
Concerns
Ingredients Side-by-side
Actinidia Chinensis Fruit Extract
Hylocereus Undatus Fruit Extract
Salix Alba Bark Water
Pyrus Malus Fruit Water
Butylene Glycol
Niacinamide
1,2-Hexanediol
Ethyl Hexanediol
Sodium Lactate
Water
Glycolic Acid
Allantoin
Panthenol
Adenosine
Betaine Salicylate
Ascorbyl Glucoside
Actinidia Chinensis Fruit Extract, Hylocereus Undatus Fruit Extract, Salix Alba Bark Water, Pyrus Malus Fruit Water, Butylene Glycol, Niacinamide, 1,2-Hexanediol, Ethyl Hexanediol, Sodium Lactate, Water, Glycolic Acid, Allantoin, Panthenol, Adenosine, Betaine Salicylate, Ascorbyl Glucoside
Prunus Mume Fruit Water
Dipropylene Glycol
Pentylene Glycol
Chlorella Vulgaris Extract
Portulaca Oleracea Extract
Chondrus Crispus Extract
Saccharum Officinarum Extract
Oryza Sativa Bran Water
Honey Extract
Panax Ginseng Root Extract
Polygonum Cuspidatum Root Extract
Glycerin
Propanediol
Tromethamine
Sodium PCA
Glucose
C12-14 Pareth-12
Fructooligosaccharides
Fructose
Caprylyl Glycol
Ethylhexylglycerin
Sodium Phytate
Tocopherol
Water, Prunus Mume Fruit Water, Glycolic Acid, Dipropylene Glycol, 1,2-Hexanediol, Pentylene Glycol, Chlorella Vulgaris Extract, Portulaca Oleracea Extract, Chondrus Crispus Extract, Saccharum Officinarum Extract, Oryza Sativa Bran Water, Honey Extract, Panax Ginseng Root Extract, Polygonum Cuspidatum Root Extract, Glycerin, Propanediol, Tromethamine, Sodium PCA, Glucose, C12-14 Pareth-12, Butylene Glycol, Fructooligosaccharides, Fructose, Caprylyl Glycol, Ethylhexylglycerin, Sodium Phytate, Tocopherol, Ethyl Hexanediol
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Alternatives
Ingredients Explained
These ingredients are found in both products.
Ingredients higher up in an ingredient list are typically present in a larger amount.
1,2-Hexanediol is a synthetic liquid and another multi-functional powerhouse.
It is a:
Humectant, drawing moisture into the skin
Emollient, helping to soften skin
Solvent, dispersing and stabilizing formulas
Preservative booster, enhancing the antimicrobial activity of other preservatives
Butylene Glycol (or BG) is used within cosmetic products for a few different reasons:
Overall, Butylene Glycol is a safe and well-rounded ingredient that works well with other ingredients.
Though this ingredient works well with most skin types, some people with sensitive skin may experience a reaction such as allergic rashes, closed comedones, or itchiness.
Ethyl Hexanediol is an aliphatic alcohol. It is a solvent.
Solvents are used to keep ingredients together in a product. They can help dissolve ingredients to stable bases or help evenly distribute ingredients throughout the product.
Glycolic Acid is arguably the most famous alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) with tons of research backing its benefits.
It is found naturally in sugar cane but the form used in skincare is usually synthetic for purity and stability.
Glycolic acid removes the top layer of dead skin cells to allow newer and fresher ones to emerge.
AHAs work by breaking down the structural “glue” that holds old skin cells in place. When that buildup is gone, your skin can renew itself more efficiently.
Research also shows glycolic acid stimulates collagen production, helping to firm and thicken the skin over time. This is one of its biggest advantages over other AHAs.
Overall, glycolic acid helps with:
Fun fact: Glycolic acid boosts skin hydration by helping it produce molecules that increase hyaluronic acid naturally.
To work best, glycolic acid products should have a pH between 3-4 (that’s where exfoliation is most effective but still gentle on skin).
The pH and concentration of a product are key to its effectiveness:
It is normal to feel a slight stinging sensation when using glycolic acid. This usually fades as your skin adjusts.
Because glycolic acid has the smallest molecular size in the AHA family, it can penetrate deeper, which enhances its effectiveness but also makes it more likely to irritate sensitive skin.
If your skin is very sensitive or prone to rosacea, glycolic acid may be too strong; in that case, try milder options like lactic acid or a PHA instead.
Recent studies suggest glycolic acid might even help protect against UV damage. But don’t skip sunscreen! Freshly exfoliated skin is more sensitive to the sun.
Glycolic acid is a skincare superstar. It smooths, brightens, hydrates, and firms the skin. Unless you’re highly sensitive, it’s well worth adding to your routine.
Read more about some other popular AHA's here:
Water. It's the most common cosmetic ingredient of all. You'll usually see it at the top of ingredient lists, meaning that it makes up the largest part of the product.
So why is it so popular? Water most often acts as a solvent - this means that it helps dissolve other ingredients into the formulation.
You'll also recognize water as that liquid we all need to stay alive. If you see this, drink a glass of water. Remember to stay hydrated!