Skin science article
First Aid Beauty Brighten + Glow Facial Radiance Pads With Glycolic + Lactic Acids Versus Marée Exfoliating Glycolic Pads
First Aid Beauty Brighten + Glow Facial Radiance Pads With Glycolic + Lactic Acids Versus Marée Exfoliating Glycolic Pads This smoothing exfoliating pad uses a pre-saturated pad with Lactic Acid and Glycolic Acid to refine skin texture and brighten dull-lookin
First Aid Beauty Brighten + Glow Facial Radiance Pads With Glycolic + Lactic Acids Versus Marée Exfoliating Glycolic Pads
This smoothing exfoliating pad uses a pre-saturated pad with Lactic Acid and Glycolic Acid to refine skin texture and brighten dull-looking skin.
This smoothing exfoliating pad uses a pre-saturated pad with Niacinamide and Salicylic Acid to refine skin texture and refine the look of pores.
What's inside
Key Ingredients
Benefits
Concerns
Ingredients Side-by-side
Water
Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice
Cucumis Sativus Fruit Water
Lactic Acid
Glycolic Acid
Hyaluronic Acid
Phyllanthus Emblica Fruit Extract
Citrus Limon Peel Extract
Citrus Nobilis Fruit Extract
Glycerin
Polysorbate 20
Phenoxyethanol
Potassium Sorbate
Sodium Benzoate
Citric Acid
Chlorphenesin
Sodium Hydroxide
Water, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice, Cucumis Sativus Fruit Water, Lactic Acid, Glycolic Acid, Hyaluronic Acid, Phyllanthus Emblica Fruit Extract, Citrus Limon Peel Extract, Citrus Nobilis Fruit Extract, Glycerin, Polysorbate 20, Phenoxyethanol, Potassium Sorbate, Sodium Benzoate, Citric Acid, Chlorphenesin, Sodium Hydroxide
Propylene Glycol
Allantoin
Butylene Glycol
1,2-Hexanediol
Hydroxyacetophenone
Panthenol
Niacinamide
Salicylic Acid
Bisabolol
Amylopectin
Sodium Hyaluronate
Dextrin
Tocopherol
Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate
Pentylene Glycol
Xanthan Gum
PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil
Tartaric Acid
Melaleuca Alternifolia Leaf Oil
Hydroxyphenyl Propamidobenzoic Acid
Parfum
Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract
Lotus Corniculatus Seed Extract
Pearl Extract
Ascorbyl Palmitate
Benzyl Alcohol
Water, Glycerin, Propylene Glycol, Allantoin, Butylene Glycol, 1,2-Hexanediol, Hydroxyacetophenone, Panthenol, Niacinamide, Salicylic Acid, Bisabolol, Amylopectin, Sodium Hyaluronate, Dextrin, Tocopherol, Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate, Pentylene Glycol, Xanthan Gum, Glycolic Acid, PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil, Tartaric Acid, Sodium Hydroxide, Melaleuca Alternifolia Leaf Oil, Hydroxyphenyl Propamidobenzoic Acid, Parfum, Citric Acid, Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract, Lotus Corniculatus Seed Extract, Pearl Extract, Ascorbyl Palmitate, Benzyl Alcohol
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Alternatives
Ingredients Explained
These ingredients are found in both products.
Ingredients higher up in an ingredient list are typically present in a larger amount.
Citric Acid is an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) naturally found in citrus fruits like oranges, lemons, and limes.
Like other AHAs, citric acid can exfoliate skin by breaking down the bonds that hold dead skin cells together. This helps reveal smoother and brighter skin underneath.
However, this exfoliating effect only happens at high concentrations (20%) which can be hard to find in cosmetic products.
Due to this, citric acid is usually included in small amounts as a pH adjuster. This helps keep products slightly more acidic and compatible with skin's natural pH.
In skincare formulas, citric acid can:
While it can provide some skin benefits, research shows lactic acid and glycolic acid are generally more effective and less irritating exfoliants.
Most citric acid used in skincare today is made by fermenting sugars (usually from molasses). This synthetic version is identical to the natural citrus form but easier to stabilize and use in formulations.
Rosacea skin has a lower threshold for acids generally, with 62.5% of rosacea subjects in one study reacting to lactic acid in a sting test. This is why we mark citric acid as a potential rosacea trigger.
However, this ingredient shows up as a pH adjuster or chelator at roughly 0.1-1% in many products. These low levels are unlikely to be an issue for rosacea skin and becomes a potential trigger at exfoliating concentrations (20%). Because everybody's skin is unique, we recommend a patch test if you are unsure.
Glycerin (or glycerol) is a compound naturally found in your skin. It's a powerhouse humectant that pulls water into the stratum corneum.
Topically, glycerin does several things at once:
Your skin makes glycerin on its own (mostly from sebaceous oil breakdown) and shuttles it to your outermost layer of skin, or your epidermis, via aquaporin-3.
Aquaporin-3 is a transporter that is essential for normal skin hydration, elasticity, and repair. Interestingly, mice lacking in AQP3 have dry and less elastic skin that can be fully corrected with glycerin.
This ingredient is non-irritating, plays well with almost every ingredient, and works across all skin types. Typical use is anywhere between 3-10% but can go up to 79% in some leave-on products.
Just know very high concentrations (>40%) can feel tacky in low humidity.
Glycerin is the name for this ingredient in American English. British English uses Glycerol/Glycerine.
Glycolic Acid is arguably the most famous alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) with tons of research backing its benefits.
It is found naturally in sugar cane but the form used in skincare is usually synthetic for purity and stability.
Glycolic acid removes the top layer of dead skin cells to allow newer and fresher ones to emerge.
AHAs work by breaking down the structural “glue” that holds old skin cells in place. When that buildup is gone, your skin can renew itself more efficiently.
Research also shows glycolic acid stimulates collagen production, helping to firm and thicken the skin over time. This is one of its biggest advantages over other AHAs.
Overall, glycolic acid helps with:
Fun fact: Glycolic acid boosts skin hydration by helping it produce molecules that increase hyaluronic acid naturally.
To work best, glycolic acid products should have a pH between 3-4 (that’s where exfoliation is most effective but still gentle on skin).
The pH and concentration of a product are key to its effectiveness:
It is normal to feel a slight stinging sensation when using glycolic acid. This usually fades as your skin adjusts.
Because glycolic acid has the smallest molecular size in the AHA family, it can penetrate deeper, which enhances its effectiveness but also makes it more likely to irritate sensitive skin.
If your skin is very sensitive or prone to rosacea, glycolic acid may be too strong; in that case, try milder options like lactic acid or a PHA instead.
Recent studies suggest glycolic acid might even help protect against UV damage. But don’t skip sunscreen! Freshly exfoliated skin is more sensitive to the sun.
Glycolic acid is a skincare superstar. It smooths, brightens, hydrates, and firms the skin. Unless you’re highly sensitive, it’s well worth adding to your routine.
Read more about some other popular AHA's here:
Sodium Hydroxide is also known as lye or caustic soda. It is used to adjust the pH of products; many ingredients require a specific pH to be effective.
In small amounts, sodium hydroxide is considered safe to use. However, large amounts may cause chemical burns due to its high alkaline.
Your skin has a natural pH and acid mantle. This acid mantle helps prevent harmful bacteria from breaking through. The acid mantle also helps keep your skin hydrated.
"Alkaline" refers to a high pH level. A low pH level would be considered acidic.
Water. It's the most common cosmetic ingredient of all. You'll usually see it at the top of ingredient lists, meaning that it makes up the largest part of the product.
So why is it so popular? Water most often acts as a solvent - this means that it helps dissolve other ingredients into the formulation.
You'll also recognize water as that liquid we all need to stay alive. If you see this, drink a glass of water. Remember to stay hydrated!