Peptide Skincare & BeautySkin science and ingredient guides

Skin science article

Peach Slices Dark Spot Microdarts Versus Paula's Choice C15 Super Booster

Peach Slices Dark Spot Microdarts Versus Paula's Choice C15 Super Booster This brightening treatment is formulated around Niacinamide and Glycyrrhiza Uralensis Root Extract to fade the look of dark spots and refine skin texture. This brightening serum is formu

Peach Slices Dark Spot Microdarts Versus Paula's Choice C15 Super Booster

This brightening treatment is formulated around Niacinamide and Glycyrrhiza Uralensis Root Extract to fade the look of dark spots and refine skin texture.

This brightening serum is formulated around Ascorbic Acid and Ferulic Acid to brighten dull-looking skin and soften the look of wrinkles.

What's inside

Key Ingredients

Benefits

Concerns

No concerns

Ingredients Side-by-side

Sodium Hyaluronate

Niacinamide

Butylene Glycol

Glycyrrhiza Uralensis Root Extract

Centella Asiatica Extract

Ascorbic Acid

Phenoxyethanol

Water

Sodium Hyaluronate, Niacinamide, Butylene Glycol, Glycyrrhiza Uralensis Root Extract, Centella Asiatica Extract, Ascorbic Acid, Phenoxyethanol, Water

Dipropylene Glycol

Propanediol

Glycerin

Ethoxydiglycol

Sodium Hydroxide

PPG-26-Buteth-26

PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil

Bisabolol

Ferulic Acid

Sodium Phytate

Decylene Glycol

Tocopherol

1,2-Hexanediol

Sphingomonas Ferment Extract

Water, Ascorbic Acid, Dipropylene Glycol, Propanediol, Glycerin, Ethoxydiglycol, Sodium Hydroxide, PPG-26-Buteth-26, PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil, Bisabolol, Ferulic Acid, Sodium Phytate, Decylene Glycol, Tocopherol, 1,2-Hexanediol, Sphingomonas Ferment Extract, Phenoxyethanol

Reviews

Alternatives

Ingredients Explained

These ingredients are found in both products.

Ingredients higher up in an ingredient list are typically present in a larger amount.

Ascorbic Acid is is pure Vitamin C and is the biologically active form used directly by skin.

Not only is vitamin C great for your overall health and immune system, but it also has plenty of benefits for your skin. It is best supported by academic literature for:

Topical vitamin C has been shown to help neutralize oxidative stress from UV and pollution, helping to improve photoaging and hyperpigmentation when used consistently.

One clinical study found that using 5% topical vitamin C for six months improved signs of photodamaged skin, both on the surface and in the deeper structural layers of the skin.

While vitamin C doesn’t replace sunscreen, studies show it can boost photoprotection when combined with Vitamin E and ferulic acid. These two ingredients help improve stability and protective effects.

The big downside of this ingredient is formulation difficulty. Vitamin C is prone to oxidation and doesn't penetrate the skin unless formulated correctly. Research found that vitamin C absorbs into the skin best at a low pH (< 3.5) with about 20% being the upper limit for effective absorption.

Skin levels can saturate after repeated application; this means your skin won’t keep absorbing more once it’s full of vitamin C. This is why more isn’t always better with vitamin C and why very high concentrations don’t necessarily give extra benefits.

Ascorbic acid generally works well with many skincare ingredients but can be irritating when combined with other active ingredients. Strong oxidizing acne treatments like benzoyl peroxide can reduce the effectiveness of vitamin C if they are used at the same time; they are often recommended for use at different times of day.

Read more about other types of Vitamin C:

Foods rich with vitamin C include oranges, strawberries, broccoli, bell peppers, and more. When consuming Vitamin C, your skin receives a portion of the nutrients.

Phenoxyethanol is one of the most widely used preservatives in skincare (and for good reason!).

It has a large spectrum of antimicrobial activity and especially effective bacteria, yeast, and mold while only having a weak effect on your skin's natural microbiome.

On a cellular level, it disrupts the cell membranes of microbes by poking holes that make the cell leak. This shuts down the chemical reactions the microbe needs to make energy so it can no longer survive.

Another perk of this ingredient is that it stays functional across a wide pH range (3-10).

You'll often see it paired with boosters like Ethylhexylglycerin; one study showed that a 1:9 ratio of Ethylhexylglycerin to Phenoxyethanol damages bacterial membranes as effectively as doubling the Phenoxyethanol concentration on its own.

Typical use concentrations range from 0.3-1% depending on the formula, and this ingredient is capped at 1% int the EU.

Safety-wise, the fear mongering does not hold up to the evidence. The EU's Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety and FDA consider it safe as a preservative at up to 1%, including for children of all ages.

Adverse systemic effects only showed up in animal studies at exposures roughly 200x higher than what people get from cosmetics. And despite its very widespread use, this ingredient is a rare sensitizer and allergic reactions are uncommon.

Water. It's the most common cosmetic ingredient of all. You'll usually see it at the top of ingredient lists, meaning that it makes up the largest part of the product.

So why is it so popular? Water most often acts as a solvent - this means that it helps dissolve other ingredients into the formulation.

You'll also recognize water as that liquid we all need to stay alive. If you see this, drink a glass of water. Remember to stay hydrated!

Similar Comparisons

The reference edit

Ingredients, questions
& further reading.

Connected source records selected through this article’s public topic index.

01

Formula cabinet

Ingredients & structured notes

Ingredient index

Ingredients Side-by-side

  1. 01Water
  2. 02Acetamidoethoxyethanol
  3. 03C9-12 Alkane
  4. 04Propanediol
  5. 05Sorbitan Stearate
  6. 06Isostearyl Isostearate
  7. 07Hydroxyethyl Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate Copolymer
  8. 08Phenoxyethanol
  9. 09Isohexadecane
  10. 10Saccharide Isomerate
  11. 11Caffeine
  12. 12Acrylates/Beheneth-25 Methacrylate Copolymer
  13. 13Coco-Caprylate/Caprate
  14. 14Tocopherol
  15. 15Sorbityl Laurate
  16. 16Panthenol
  17. 17Polysorbate 60
  18. 18Ethylhexylglycerin
  19. 19Linum Usitatissimum Seed Oil
  20. 20Brassica Campestris Seed Oil
Source · skinsort.com
02

Product index

Related product references

03

Comparison edit

Read side by side