Deconstruct Retinol & Peptide Serum Versus Plum Goodness Bakuchiol & Retinol 1% Serum

Deconstruct Retinol & Peptide Serum Versus Plum Goodness Bakuchiol & Retinol 1% Serum Detailed comparison of Deconstruct Retinol & Peptide Serum versus Plum Goodness Bakuchiol & Retinol 1% Serum. This anti-aging serum is formulated around Retinol to soften the look of wrinkles and refine skin texture. This serum is formulated around Retinyl Palmitate to brighten and support scar healing. Water Rosa Damascena Flower Water Pisum Sativum Extract Pentylene Glycol Lecithin Retinol Betaine Polysorbate 20 Potassium Phosphate Glycerin Phenoxyethanol Ethylhexylglycerin Palmaria Palmata Extract Xanthan Gum Amylopectin Magnesium Aspartate Zinc Gluconate Copper Gluconate Sodium Gluconate Hyaluronic Acid Tocopheryl Acetate Water, Rosa Damascena Flower Water, Pisum Sativum Extract, Pentylene Glycol, Lecithin, Retinol, Betaine, Polysorbate 20, Potassium Phosphate, Glycerin, Phenoxyethanol, Ethylhexylglycerin, Palmaria Palmata Extract, Xanthan Gum, Amylopectin, Magnesium Aspartate, Zinc Gluconate, Copper Gluconate, Sodium Gluconate, Hyaluronic Acid, Tocopheryl Acetate Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice Sucrose Propanediol Squalane Isodecyl Neopentanoate Retinyl Palmitate Malus Domestica Fruit Cell Culture Extract Hydrolyzed Rice Protein Hydrolyzed Pea Protein Glycine Proline Hydrolyzed Sodium Hyaluronate Hydrolyzed Psoralea Corylifolia Extract Benzyl Alcohol Hydroxyacetophenone Caprylyl Glycol Sorbitol Cyclodextrin Hydroxyethyl Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate Copolymer Isohexadecane Polysorbate 60 Sodium Polyacryloyldimethyl Taurate Ammonium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/Vp Copolymer Water, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice, Sucrose, Propanediol, Squalane, Isodecyl Neopentanoate, Retinyl Palmitate, Malus Domestica Fruit Cell Culture Extract, Hydrolyzed Rice Protein, Hydrolyzed Pea Protein, Glycine, Proline, Hydrolyzed Sodium Hyaluronate, Hydrolyzed Psoralea Corylifolia Extract, Benzyl Alcohol, Hydroxyacetophenone, Caprylyl Glycol, Xanthan Gum, Glycerin, Lecithin, Phenoxyethanol, Sorbitol, Cyclodextrin, Hydroxyethyl Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate Copolymer, Isohexadecane, Polysorbate 60, Sodium Gluconate, Sodium Polyacryloyldimethyl Taurate, Ammonium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/Vp Copolymer These ingredients are found in both products. Ingredients higher up in an ingredient list are typically present in a larger amount. Glycerin (or glycerol) is a compound naturally found in your skin. It's a powerhouse humectant that pulls water into the stratum corneum. Topically, glycerin does several things at once: Your skin makes glycerin on its own (mostly from sebaceous oil breakdown) and shuttles it to your outermost layer of skin, or your epidermis, via aquaporin-3. Aquaporin-3 is a transporter that is essential for normal skin hydration, elasticity, and repair. Interestingly, mice lacking in AQP3 have dry and less elastic skin that can be fully corrected with glycerin. This ingredient is non-irritating, plays well with almost every ingredient, and works across all skin types. Typical use is anywhere between 3-10% but can go up to 79% in some leave-on products. Just know very high concentrations (>40%) can feel tacky in low humidity. Glycerin is the name for this ingredient in American English. British English uses Glycerol/Glycerine. Lecithin is a term for a group of substances found in the cell membranes of plants, animals, and humans. They are made up of phospholipids. Thanks to its amphiphilic structure (water-loving head and oil-loving tail), it is a true multitasker: It plays well with most ingredients and is typically used at 0.1-1%. However, concentrations up to 50% have been reported in moisturizers. Phenoxyethanol is one of the most widely used preservatives in skincare (and for good reason!). It has a large spectrum of antimicrobial activity and especially effective bacteria, yeast, and mold while only having a weak effect on your skin's natural microbiome. On a cellular level, it disrupts the cell membranes of microbes by poking holes that make the cell leak. This shuts down the chemical reactions the microbe needs to make energy so it can no longer survive. Another perk of this ingredient is that it stays functional across a wide pH range (3-10). You'll often see it paired with boosters like Ethylhexylglycerin; one study showed that a 1:9 ratio of Ethylhexylglycerin to Phenoxyethanol damages bacterial membranes as effectively as doubling the Phenoxyethanol concentration on its own. Typical use concentrations range from 0.3-1% depending on the formula, and this ingredient is capped at 1% int the EU. Safety-wise, the fear mongering does not hold up to the evidence. The EU's Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety and FDA consider it safe as a preservative at up to 1%, including for children of all ages. Adverse systemic effects only showed up in animal studies at exposures roughly 200x higher than what people get from cosmetics. And despite its very widespread use, this ingredient is a rare sensitizer and allergic reactions are uncommon. This is the synthetic salt of gluconic acid, a form of PHA and mild exfoliant. It is mainly used to stabilize oil and butter formulations from going bad. Sodium gluconate is a humectant, pH regu