Ingredient or product comparison
GHK-Cu Dark Spots Mechanism: Formulation Comparison
Serum (aqueous) 0.2–0.5% elemental Cu 5.5–6.0 6–9 months refrigerated Epidermis (50–80 microns) Daily maintenance, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation Cream (emulsion) 0.3–0.7% elemental Cu 5.0–6.5 12–18 months Epidermis + papillary dermis Melasma, age spots,
This source-based comparison does not add ratings or recommend a winner.
- Serum (aqueous)
- 0.2–0.5% elemental Cu
- 5.5–6.0
- 6–9 months refrigerated
- Epidermis (50–80 microns)
- Daily maintenance, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation
- Cream (emulsion)
- 0.3–0.7% elemental Cu
- 5.0–6.5
- 12–18 months
- Epidermis + papillary dermis
- Melasma, age spots, textured pigmentation
- Anhydrous oil
- 0.5–1.0% elemental Cu
- N/A (no aqueous phase)
- 18–24 months
- Variable (depends on carrier)
- Sensitive skin, rosacea-prone with PIH
- Lyophilised powder
- 1.5–3.0% elemental Cu
- Reconstituted to 5.5–6.0
- 24+ months (dry state)
- Epidermis (controlled by vehicle)
- Research applications, custom compounding
- Professional peel additive
- 1.0–2.0% elemental Cu
- 3.5–4.5 (acid carrier)
- Single-use ampules
- Deep epidermis + reticular dermis
- Clinical treatment of resistant melasma