Peptide Skincare & BeautySkin science and ingredient guides

Ingredient or product comparison

GHK-Cu Glutathione Protocol: Peptide Comparison

GHK-Cu TGF-β pathway activation, copper delivery to enzymes 4,000+ genes including COL1A1, COL3A1, MMP-1, MMP-3 ~30 minutes (plasma) Indirect via SOD upregulation Real Peptides offers research-grade GHK-Cu synthesized with exact amino-acid sequencing Reduced G

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  • GHK-Cu
  • TGF-β pathway activation, copper delivery to enzymes
  • 4,000+ genes including COL1A1, COL3A1, MMP-1, MMP-3
  • ~30 minutes (plasma)
  • Indirect via SOD upregulation
  • Real Peptides offers research-grade GHK-Cu synthesized with exact amino-acid sequencing
  • Reduced Glutathione (GSH)
  • Direct ROS neutralization, protein thiol protection
  • Not a transcriptional regulator. Enzymatic cofactor
  • 2–3 hours (intracellular)
  • Direct free radical scavenging
  • Available in liposomal and NAC precursor forms
  • Copper Peptide GHK
  • Same as GHK-Cu (copper-free forms have 1000× lower activity)
  • Same gene profile as GHK-Cu when copper binds
  • N/A. Requires copper binding
  • Minimal without copper ion
  • Copper complexation is essential for activity
  • N-Acetylcysteine (NAC)
  • Glutathione precursor. Provides rate-limiting cysteine
  • Indirect via glutathione synthesis pathways
  • 6 hours (plasma)
  • Indirect via GSH production
  • Standard research supplement