Ingredient or product comparison
Is GHK-Cu Safe According to Studies?: Full Comparison
Topical (intact skin) 0.5%–5% 1.8–3.2% (mild dermatitis) None detected (<2 µg/dL change) Yes. 12-week trials with 6-month follow-up Safest route with decades of validation; minimal risk profile Topical (open wounds) 1%–5% 4–6% (transient erythema) 8–12 µg/dL a
This source-based comparison does not add ratings or recommend a winner.
- Topical (intact skin)
- 0.5%–5%
- 1.8–3.2% (mild dermatitis)
- None detected (<2 µg/dL change)
- Yes. 12-week trials with 6-month follow-up
- Safest route with decades of validation; minimal risk profile
- Topical (open wounds)
- 1%–5%
- 4–6% (transient erythema)
- 8–12 µg/dL above baseline
- Limited. 8-week wound healing studies
- Safe within physiological copper homeostasis; monitor in hepatic impairment
- Subcutaneous injection
- 0.5mg–10mg per site
- 4–31% (dose-dependent induration)
- None at ≤5mg; transient at 10mg
- Limited. Phase I safety only, no long-term
- Intravenous infusion
- Not clinically tested
- No human data
- Unknown
- None
- Insufficient data; not recommended outside controlled trials
- Oral supplementation
- 1mg–5mg daily
- 8–12% (GI upset, nausea)
- Minimal (bound form resists absorption)
- None. No published trials
- Poor bioavailability; safety unclear; peptide likely degraded in GI tract