Kiehl's Powerful-Strength Dark Circle Reducing Vitamin C Eye Serum Versus Paula's Choice C5 Super Boost Eye Cream

Kiehl's Powerful-Strength Dark Circle Reducing Vitamin C Eye Serum Versus Paula's Choice C5 Super Boost Eye Cream Detailed comparison of Kiehl's Powerful-Strength Dark Circle Reducing Vitamin C Eye Serum versus Paula's Choice C5 Super Boost Eye Cream. This brightening eye moisturizer is formulated around Ascorbic Acid and Adenosine to fade the look of dark spots and soften the look of wrinkles. This brightening eye moisturizer is formulated around Ascorbyl Glucoside and 3-O-Ethyl Ascorbic Acid to brighten dull-looking skin and soften the look of wrinkles. Propylene Glycol Dimethicone Glycerin Ascorbic Acid Dimethicone Crosspolymer Cetyl PEG/PPG-10/1 Dimethicone Cyclohexasiloxane Water Hydroxyethylpiperazine Ethane Sulfonic Acid Lauroyl Lysine Aluminum Starch Octenylsuccinate Polysilicone-11 CI 77891 Adenosine Hydrolyzed Hyaluronic Acid Steareth-20 Chlorhexidine Digluconate N-Hydroxysuccinimide Sodium Citrate Potassium Sorbate Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1 Chrysin Pentaerythrityl Tetra-Di-T-Butyl Hydroxyhydrocinnamate Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7 Citric Acid Biotin Propylene Glycol, Dimethicone, Glycerin, Ascorbic Acid, Dimethicone Crosspolymer, Cetyl PEG/PPG-10/1 Dimethicone, Cyclohexasiloxane, Water, Hydroxyethylpiperazine Ethane Sulfonic Acid, Lauroyl Lysine, Aluminum Starch Octenylsuccinate, Polysilicone-11, CI 77891, Adenosine, Hydrolyzed Hyaluronic Acid, Steareth-20, Chlorhexidine Digluconate, N-Hydroxysuccinimide, Sodium Citrate, Potassium Sorbate, Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1, Chrysin, Pentaerythrityl Tetra-Di-T-Butyl Hydroxyhydrocinnamate, Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7, Citric Acid, Biotin Dicaprylyl Carbonate Triheptanoin Ascorbyl Glucoside 3-O-Ethyl Ascorbic Acid Hydroxyethyl Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate Copolymer Arachidyl Alcohol Cetearyl Alcohol C13-15 Alkane Ascorbyl Palmitate Sh-Polypeptide-121 Acetyl Hexapeptide-8 Hyaluronic Acid Zerumbone Bacillus Ferment Tocopherol Tocopheryl Acetate Butyrospermum Parkii Butter Unsaponifiables Oryza Sativa Bran Extract Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaf Extract Helianthus Annuus Seed Oil Helianthus Annuus Seed Extract Hydrogenated Lecithin Cetearyl Olivate Sorbitan Olivate Behenyl Alcohol Arachidyl Glucoside Propanediol Butylene Glycol Cetyl Alcohol Sodium Phytate Sodium Metabisulfite Phenoxyethanol Caprylyl Glycol Ethylhexylglycerin Hexylene Glycol Sodium Hydroxide Water, Dicaprylyl Carbonate, Glycerin, Triheptanoin, Ascorbyl Glucoside, 3-O-Ethyl Ascorbic Acid, Hydroxyethyl Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate Copolymer, Arachidyl Alcohol, Cetearyl Alcohol, C13-15 Alkane, Ascorbyl Palmitate, Sh-Polypeptide-121, Acetyl Hexapeptide-8, Hyaluronic Acid, Zerumbone, Bacillus Ferment, Tocopherol, Tocopheryl Acetate, Butyrospermum Parkii Butter Unsaponifiables, Oryza Sativa Bran Extract, Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaf Extract, Helianthus Annuus Seed Oil, Helianthus Annuus Seed Extract, Hydrogenated Lecithin, Cetearyl Olivate, Sorbitan Olivate, Behenyl Alcohol, Arachidyl Glucoside, Propanediol, Butylene Glycol, Cetyl Alcohol, Sodium Phytate, Sodium Citrate, Citric Acid, Sodium Metabisulfite, Phenoxyethanol, Caprylyl Glycol, Ethylhexylglycerin, Hexylene Glycol, Sodium Hydroxide Be the first to review These ingredients are found in both products. Ingredients higher up in an ingredient list are typically present in a larger amount. Citric Acid is an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) naturally found in citrus fruits like oranges, lemons, and limes. Like other AHAs, citric acid can exfoliate skin by breaking down the bonds that hold dead skin cells together. This helps reveal smoother and brighter skin underneath. However, this exfoliating effect only happens at high concentrations (20%) which can be hard to find in cosmetic products. Due to this, citric acid is usually included in small amounts as a pH adjuster. This helps keep products slightly more acidic and compatible with skin's natural pH. In skincare formulas, citric acid can: While it can provide some skin benefits, research shows lactic acid and glycolic acid are generally more effective and less irritating exfoliants. Most citric acid used in skincare today is made by fermenting sugars (usually from molasses). This synthetic version is identical to the natural citrus form but easier to stabilize and use in formulations. Rosacea skin has a lower threshold for acids generally, with 62.5% of rosacea subjects in one study reacting to lactic acid in a sting test. This is why we mark citric acid as a potential rosacea trigger. However, this ingredient shows up as a pH adjuster or chelator at roughly 0.1-1% in many products. These low levels are unlikely to be an issue for rosacea skin and becomes a potential trigger at exfoliating concentrations (20%). Because everybody's skin is unique, we recommend a patch test if you are unsure. Glycerin (or glycerol) is a compound naturally found in your skin. It's a powerhouse humectant that pulls water into the stratum corneum. Topically, glycerin does several things at once: Your skin makes glycerin on its own (mostly from sebaceous oil breakdown) and shuttles it to your outermost layer of skin, or your epidermis, via aquaporin-3. Aquaporin-3 is a transporter that is essential for normal skin hydration, elasticity, and repair. Interestingly, mice lacking in AQP3 have dry and less elastic skin that can be fully corrected with glycerin. This ingredient is non-irritating, plays well with almost every ingredient, and works across all skin types. Typical use is anywhere between 3-10% but can go up to 79% in some leave-on products. Just know very high concentrations (>40%) can feel tacky in low humidity. Glycerin is the name for this ingredient in American English. British English uses Glycerol/Glycerine. Sodium Citrate is the sodium salts of citric acid. In skincare, it is used to alter pH levels and acts as a preservative. Its main functions are to maintain the pH of a product and neutralize metal ions. The acidity of our skin is maintained by our glands and skin biome; normal pH level of skin is slightly acidic (~4.75-5.5). Being slightly acidic allows our skin to create an "acid mantle". This acid mantle is a thin barrier that protects our skin from bacteria and