Minimalist Polyhydroxy Acid (PHA) 03% Toner Versus The INKEY List Alpha Hydroxy Acid

Minimalist Polyhydroxy Acid (PHA) 03% Toner Versus The INKEY List Alpha Hydroxy Acid Detailed comparison of Minimalist Polyhydroxy Acid (PHA) 03% Toner versus The INKEY List Alpha Hydroxy Acid. This smoothing toner is formulated around Gluconolactone and Niacinamide to refine skin texture and strengthen the skin barrier. This brightening serum is formulated around Ascorbyl Glucoside to brighten dull-looking skin and fade the look of dark spots. Water Gluconolactone Niacinamide Butylene Glycol Methylpropanediol Inulin Lactococcus Ferment Lysate Saccharide Isomerate Cucumis Sativus Fruit Extract Xylitylglucoside Anhydroxylitol Xylitol Salicylic Acid Allantoin Trehalose Glycerin Sodium Polyglutamate Sodium Hyaluronate Panthenol Lysine Histidine Arginine Aspartic Acid Threonine Serine Glutamic Acid Proline Glycine Alanine Valine Methionine Isoleucine Leucine Tyrosine Phenylalanine Cysteine Ethoxydiglycol Trisodium Ethylenediamine Disuccinate Phenoxyethanol Ethylhexylglycerin 1,2-Hexanediol Citric Acid Sodium Citrate Water, Gluconolactone, Niacinamide, Butylene Glycol, Methylpropanediol, Inulin, Lactococcus Ferment Lysate, Saccharide Isomerate, Cucumis Sativus Fruit Extract, Xylitylglucoside, Anhydroxylitol, Xylitol, Salicylic Acid, Allantoin, Trehalose, Glycerin, Sodium Polyglutamate, Sodium Hyaluronate, Panthenol, Lysine, Histidine, Arginine, Aspartic Acid, Threonine, Serine, Glutamic Acid, Proline, Glycine, Alanine, Valine, Methionine, Isoleucine, Leucine, Tyrosine, Phenylalanine, Cysteine, Ethoxydiglycol, Trisodium Ethylenediamine Disuccinate, Phenoxyethanol, Ethylhexylglycerin, 1,2-Hexanediol, Citric Acid, Sodium Citrate Propanediol Vaccinium Myrtillus Fruit Extract Saccharum Officinarum Extract Ascorbyl Glucoside Sodium Hydroxide Sodium Hyaluronate 1% Citrus Aurantium Dulcis Fruit Extract Citrus Limon Fruit Extract Xanthan Gum Acer Saccharum Extract Sodium Benzoate Sodium Levulinate Potassium Sorbate Sodium Anisate Water, Propanediol, Vaccinium Myrtillus Fruit Extract, Glycerin, Saccharum Officinarum Extract, Ascorbyl Glucoside, Sodium Hydroxide, Sodium Hyaluronate 1%, Citrus Aurantium Dulcis Fruit Extract, Citrus Limon Fruit Extract, Xanthan Gum, Acer Saccharum Extract, Sodium Benzoate, Allantoin, Sodium Levulinate, Potassium Sorbate, Sodium Anisate, Trisodium Ethylenediamine Disuccinate Be the first to review These ingredients are found in both products. Ingredients higher up in an ingredient list are typically present in a larger amount. Allantoin is a soothing ingredient known for its protective and moisturizing properties; it's basically a quiet workhorse ingredient you can find in a huge range of cosmetics. Though it can be derived from the comfrey plant, allantoin is produced synthetically for cosmetic products to ensure purity. Research shows it can encourage your skin cells to turn over and renew by stimulating keratinocyte and fibroblast proliferation. It also has mild keratolytic properties to help loosen and shed dead skin cells without being harsh. Studies also suggest allantoin can help calm inflammation by dialing down some of the chemical signals your skin sends out when it is irritated. This ingredient is typically used in the 0.1-0.5% range, and the FDA recognizes it as a skin protectant in OTC products up to 2%. Overall, allantoin is a wonderful addition to most routines; it is stable across a wide pH range (~4-8), works well with other ingredients, and is considered non-sensitizing/non-irritating. Fun fact: Allantoin is naturally occurring in comfrey root, beets, chamomile, and wheat sprouts. Our bodies even produce it as a byproduct of uric acid metabolism. Glycerin (or glycerol) is a compound naturally found in your skin. It's a powerhouse humectant that pulls water into the stratum corneum. Topically, glycerin does several things at once: Your skin makes glycerin on its own (mostly from sebaceous oil breakdown) and shuttles it to your outermost layer of skin, or your epidermis, via aquaporin-3. Aquaporin-3 is a transporter that is essential for normal skin hydration, elasticity, and repair. Interestingly, mice lacking in AQP3 have dry and less elastic skin that can be fully corrected with glycerin. This ingredient is non-irritating, plays well with almost every ingredient, and works across all skin types. Typical use is anywhere between 3-10% but can go up to 79% in some leave-on products. Just know very high concentrations (>40%) can feel tacky in low humidity. Glycerin is the name for this ingredient in American English. British English uses Glycerol/Glycerine. Sodium Hyaluronate is the salt form of hyaluronic acid. It is a long sugar chain that is naturally found in your skin, joints, and connective tissue that maintains hydration and elasticity. In skincare, it works as a humectant. It pulls water from the environment and deeper layers of skin and binds it to the surface. Interestingly, the size of the molecule affects its behavior: Some clinical evidence links low molecular weight versions to improved wrinkle depth, elasticity, anti-inflammatory effects, and barrier repair. Many serums use a blend of both weights so you can get surface hydration plus longer-lasting and deeper effects. You'll typically see concentrations between 0.1-2% for this ingredient. Trisodium Ethylenediamine Disuccinate is used to help stabilize a produ