Naturium Retinaldehyde Cream Serum 0.10% Versus Paula's Choice Retinol Skin-Smoothing Body Treatment

Naturium Retinaldehyde Cream Serum 0.10% Versus Paula's Choice Retinol Skin-Smoothing Body Treatment Detailed comparison of Naturium Retinaldehyde Cream Serum 0.10% versus Paula's Choice Retinol Skin-Smoothing Body Treatment. This anti-aging serum is formulated around Retinal to soften the look of wrinkles and refine skin texture. This smoothing moisturizer is formulated around Retinol and Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate to refine skin texture and soften the look of wrinkles. Water Glycerin Propanediol Triheptanoin C13-15 Alkane Coco-Caprylate/Caprate Carbomer Faex Extract Apricot Kernel Oil Polyglyceryl-6 Esters Soy Amino Acids Punica Granatum Seed Extract Cetyl Diglyceryl Tris(Trimethylsiloxy)Silylethyl Dimethicone Hydrolyzed Yeast Extract Olivine Extract Dilinoleic Acid/Butanediol Copolymer Cellulose Phenoxyethanol Sorbitan Oleate Sodium Metabisulfite Retinal Guanosine Uracil Polyacrylate Crosspolymer-6 C9-12 Alkane Caprylyl Glycol Polyglyceryl-10 Dipalmitate Dipropylene Glycol Sodium Hydroxide Glyceryl Polyacrylate Tocopherol Pvm/Ma Copolymer Adenosine Phosphate Castor Oil/Ipdi Copolymer Potassium Sorbate Hexadecene Sodium Benzoate T-Butyl Alcohol Water, Glycerin, Propanediol, Triheptanoin, C13-15 Alkane, Coco-Caprylate/Caprate, Carbomer, Faex Extract, Apricot Kernel Oil Polyglyceryl-6 Esters, Soy Amino Acids, Punica Granatum Seed Extract, Cetyl Diglyceryl Tris(Trimethylsiloxy)Silylethyl Dimethicone, Hydrolyzed Yeast Extract, Olivine Extract, Dilinoleic Acid/Butanediol Copolymer, Cellulose, Phenoxyethanol, Sorbitan Oleate, Sodium Metabisulfite, Retinal, Guanosine, Uracil, Polyacrylate Crosspolymer-6, C9-12 Alkane, Caprylyl Glycol, Polyglyceryl-10 Dipalmitate, Dipropylene Glycol, Sodium Hydroxide, Glyceryl Polyacrylate, Tocopherol, Pvm/Ma Copolymer, Adenosine Phosphate, Castor Oil/Ipdi Copolymer, Potassium Sorbate, Hexadecene, Sodium Benzoate, T-Butyl Alcohol Cetearyl Alcohol Cetearyl Ethylhexanoate Cyclopentasiloxane Dimethicone Butylene Glycol Cetyl Palmitate Butyrospermum Parkii Butter Glyceryl Stearate PEG-100 Stearate Oenothera Biennis Oil Vitis Vinifera Seed Oil Cetyl Alcohol Retinol Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate Tocopheryl Acetate Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride Panthenol Carnosine Dimethiconol Dimethicone/Vinyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer Beeswax Magnesium Aluminum Silicate Xanthan Gum Dicaprylyl Carbonate Decylene Glycol Disodium EDTA Chlorphenesin Water, Cetearyl Alcohol, Cetearyl Ethylhexanoate, Cyclopentasiloxane, Dimethicone, Glycerin, Butylene Glycol, Cetyl Palmitate, Butyrospermum Parkii Butter, Glyceryl Stearate, PEG-100 Stearate, Oenothera Biennis Oil, Vitis Vinifera Seed Oil, Cetyl Alcohol, Retinol, Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate, Tocopheryl Acetate, Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Panthenol, Carnosine, Dimethiconol, Dimethicone/Vinyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer, Beeswax, Magnesium Aluminum Silicate, Sodium Hydroxide, Xanthan Gum, Dicaprylyl Carbonate, Decylene Glycol, Disodium EDTA, Chlorphenesin, Phenoxyethanol These ingredients are found in both products. Ingredients higher up in an ingredient list are typically present in a larger amount. Glycerin (or glycerol) is a compound naturally found in your skin. It's a powerhouse humectant that pulls water into the stratum corneum. Topically, glycerin does several things at once: Your skin makes glycerin on its own (mostly from sebaceous oil breakdown) and shuttles it to your outermost layer of skin, or your epidermis, via aquaporin-3. Aquaporin-3 is a transporter that is essential for normal skin hydration, elasticity, and repair. Interestingly, mice lacking in AQP3 have dry and less elastic skin that can be fully corrected with glycerin. This ingredient is non-irritating, plays well with almost every ingredient, and works across all skin types. Typical use is anywhere between 3-10% but can go up to 79% in some leave-on products. Just know very high concentrations (>40%) can feel tacky in low humidity. Glycerin is the name for this ingredient in American English. British English uses Glycerol/Glycerine. Phenoxyethanol is one of the most widely used preservatives in skincare (and for good reason!). It has a large spectrum of antimicrobial activity and especially effective bacteria, yeast, and mold while only having a weak effect on your skin's natural microbiome. On a cellular level, it disrupts the cell membranes of microbes by poking holes that make the cell leak. This shuts down the chemical reactions the microbe needs to make energy so it can no longer survive. Another perk of this ingredient is that it stays functional across a wide pH range (3-10). You'll often see it paired with boosters like Ethylhexylglycerin; one study showed that a 1:9 ratio of Ethylhexylglycerin to Phenoxyethanol damages bacterial membranes as effectively as doubling the Phenoxyethanol concentration on its own. Typical use concentrations range from 0.3-1% depending on the formula, and this ingredient is capped at 1% int the EU. Safety-wise, the fear mongering does not hold up to the evidence. The EU's Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety and FDA consider it safe as a preservative at up to 1%, including for children of all ages. Adverse systemic effects only showed up in animal studies at exposures roughly 200x higher than what people get from cosmetics. And despite its very widespread use, this ingredient is a rare sensitizer and allergic reactions are uncommon. Sodium Hydroxide is also known as lye or caustic soda. It is used to adjust the pH of products; many ingredients require a specific pH to be effective. In small amounts, sodium hydroxide is considered safe to use. However, large amounts may cause chemical burns due to its high alkaline. Your skin has a natural pH and acid mantle. This acid mantle helps prevent harmful bacteria from breaking through. The acid mantle also helps keep your skin hydrated. "Alkaline" refers to a high pH level. A low pH level would be considered acidic. Water. It's the most common cosmetic ing