Numbuzin No.3 Super Glowing Essence Toner Versus Paula's Choice Skin Balancing Pore-Reducing Toner

Numbuzin No.3 Super Glowing Essence Toner Versus Paula's Choice Skin Balancing Pore-Reducing Toner Detailed comparison of Numbuzin No.3 Super Glowing Essence Toner versus Paula's Choice Skin Balancing Pore-Reducing Toner US. This brightening toner is formulated around Niacinamide and Lactobacillus Ferment to brighten dull-looking skin and strengthen the skin barrier. This pore-care toner is formulated around Niacinamide and Panthenol to refine the look of pores and balance excess oil. Water Dipropylene Glycol Glycereth-26 1,2-Hexanediol Niacinamide Butylene Glycol Glycerin Methyl Gluceth-20 Spiraea Ulmaria Extract Lactococcus/Bean Seed Extract Ferment Filtrate Lactobacillus/Rice Ferment Chlorella Ferment Lactobacillus/Algae Extract Ferment Saccharomyces/Grape Ferment Extract Lactobacillus/Pumpkin Ferment Extract Lactobacillus/Soybean Ferment Extract Lactobacillus/Soybean Extract Ferment Filtrate Saccharomyces/Rice Ferment Filtrate Saccharomyces/Barley Seed Ferment Filtrate Saccharomyces/Calcium Ferment Saccharomyces/Laminaria Saccharina Ferment Saccharomyces/Potato Extract Ferment Filtrate Lactobacillus/Eriodictyon Californicum Ferment Extract Lactobacillus/Water Hyacinth Ferment Lactobacillus/Rye Flour Ferment Lactobacillus/Hibiscus Sabdariffa Flower Ferment Filtrate Lactobacillus/Milk Ferment Filtrate Lactobacillus Lactobacillus/Acerola Cherry Ferment Lactobacillus Ferment Lactobacillus Ferment Lysate Filtrate Lactococcus/Milk Ferment Lysate Lactococcus Ferment Lactococcus Ferment Extract Lactococcus Ferment Lysate Streptococcus Thermophilus Ferment Aureobasidium Pullulans Ferment Filtrate Bifida Ferment Filtrate Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate Lactobacillus/Wasabia Japonica Root Ferment Extract Lactobacillus/Punica Granatum Fruit Ferment Extract Bacillus/Glutamic Acid Ferment Filtrate Bacillus/Rice Bran Extract/Soybean Extract Ferment Filtrate Monascus/Rice Ferment Saccharomyces/Rice Bran Ferment Filtrate Extract Saccharomyces/Rice Bran Ferment Lactobacillus/Pear Juice Ferment Filtrate Pichia Ferment Lysate Filtrate Alteromonas Ferment Extract Saccharomyces/Coix Lacryma-Jobi Ma-Yuen Seed Ferment Filtrate Saccharomyces/Soy Protein Ferment Sphingomonas Ferment Extract Saccharomyces/Malachite Ferment Saccharomyces Ferment Saccharomyces Ferment Filtrate Aspergillus Ferment Aspergillus/Glucose/Soybean/Starch Ferment Filtrate Pelargonium Graveolens Flower Oil Sodium Hyaluronate Polyglyceryl-10 Laurate Cetearyl Alcohol Betaine Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer Tromethamine Polyquaternium-51 Hydroxyethylcellulose Adenosine Geraniol Citronellol Water, Dipropylene Glycol, Glycereth-26, 1,2-Hexanediol, Niacinamide, Butylene Glycol, Glycerin, Methyl Gluceth-20, Spiraea Ulmaria Extract, Lactococcus/Bean Seed Extract Ferment Filtrate, Lactobacillus/Rice Ferment, Chlorella Ferment, Lactobacillus/Algae Extract Ferment, Saccharomyces/Grape Ferment Extract, Lactobacillus/Pumpkin Ferment Extract, Lactobacillus/Soybean Ferment Extract, Lactobacillus/Soybean Extract Ferment Filtrate, Saccharomyces/Rice Ferment Filtrate, Saccharomyces/Barley Seed Ferment Filtrate, Saccharomyces/Calcium Ferment, Saccharomyces/Laminaria Saccharina Ferment, Saccharomyces/Potato Extract Ferment Filtrate, Lactobacillus/Eriodictyon Californicum Ferment Extract, Lactobacillus/Water Hyacinth Ferment, Lactobacillus/Rye Flour Ferment, Lactobacillus/Hibiscus Sabdariffa Flower Ferment Filtrate, Lactobacillus/Milk Ferment Filtrate, Lactobacillus, Lactobac These ingredients are found in both products. Ingredients higher up in an ingredient list are typically present in a larger amount. Adenosine is a purine nucleoside that your body already makes in every cell. In skincare, it acts mainly as a skin conditioning and anti-aging agent. The way it works is fairly well mapped out: Your skin has cells called fibroblasts that build collagen (the stuff that keeps skin firm and smooth). Adenosine basically flips a switch on these cells that tells them to get to work making more collagen and other proteins. These cells slow down on their own as skin ages, so Adenosine helps give them a little nudge to keep going. The clinical backing is pretty solid too. A blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of 126 women aged 45-65 tested a 0.1% cream twice daily and found real improvements in crow's feet and frown lines using a precise 3D skin-mapping technique; these changes showed up by week 3 and held at 2 months. A later study using Adenosine-loaded dissolving microneedle patches reported gains in wrinkle depth, dermal density, elasticity, and hydration. On concentrations, South Korea's Ministry of Food and Drug Safety has set 0.04% as the approved functional anti-wrinkle level. You'll typically see this ingredient used somewhere in the 0.04-0.1% range since it works at low doses. This ingredient has been found safe for cosmetics with the data showing no irritation or sensitization. Overall, this is a great ingredient for any anti-aging routine and has no photosensitizing effect, so it suits both AM and PM use. Butylene Glycol (or BG) is used within cosmetic products for a few different reasons: Overall, Butylene Glycol is a safe and well-rounded ingredient that works well with other ingredients. Though this ingredient works well with most skin types, some people with sensitive skin may experience a reaction such as allergic rashes, closed comedones, or itchiness. Glycerin (or glycerol) is a compound naturally found in your skin. It's a powerhouse humectant that pulls water into the stratum corneum. Topically, glycerin does several things at once: Your skin makes glycerin on its own (mostly from sebaceous oil breakdown) and shuttles it to your outermost layer of skin, or your epidermis, via aquaporin-3. Aquaporin-3 is a transporter that is essential for normal skin hydration, elasticity, and repair. Interestingly, mice lacking in AQP3 have dry and less elastic skin that can be fully corrected with glycerin. This ingredient is non-irritating, plays well with almost every ingredient, and works across all skin types. Typical use is anywhere between 3-10% but can go up to 79% in some leave-on products. Just know very high concentrations (>40%) can feel tacky in low humidity. Glycerin is the name for this ingredient in American English. British English uses Glycerol/Glycerine. Niacinamide is a multitasking form of vitamin B3 that strengthens the skin barrier, reduces pores and dark spots, regulates oil, and improves