Paula's Choice Clinical Niacinamide 20% Treatment Versus Shiseido Ultimune Power Infusing Serum Concentrate

Paula's Choice Clinical Niacinamide 20% Treatment Versus Shiseido Ultimune Power Infusing Serum Concentrate Detailed comparison of Paula's Choice Clinical Niacinamide 20% Treatment versus Shiseido Ultimune Power Infusing Serum Concentrate. This pore-care treatment is formulated around Niacinamide and Acetyl Glucosamine to refine the look of pores and refine skin texture. This barrier-repair serum is formulated around Trehalose to strengthen the skin barrier and soften the look of wrinkles. No concerns Water Niacinamide 20% Pentylene Glycol Butylene Glycol Glycerin Acetyl Glucosamine Ascorbyl Glucoside Glycyrrhiza Glabra Root Extract Spiraea Ulmaria Extract Portulaca Oleracea Extract Camellia Japonica Flower Extract Epigallocatechin Gallate Boerhavia Diffusa Root Extract Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract Allantoin Lecithin Pullulan Panthenol Silica Xanthan Gum Sclerotium Gum Propanediol Sodium Phytate Phenoxyethanol Ethylhexylglycerin Water, Niacinamide 20%, Pentylene Glycol, Butylene Glycol, Glycerin, Acetyl Glucosamine, Ascorbyl Glucoside, Glycyrrhiza Glabra Root Extract, Spiraea Ulmaria Extract, Portulaca Oleracea Extract, Camellia Japonica Flower Extract, Epigallocatechin Gallate, Boerhavia Diffusa Root Extract, Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract, Allantoin, Lecithin, Pullulan, Panthenol, Silica, Xanthan Gum, Sclerotium Gum, Propanediol, Sodium Phytate, Phenoxyethanol, Ethylhexylglycerin Alcohol Denat. PEG/PPG-17/4 Dimethyl Ether Triethylhexanoin Cyclohexasiloxane Dimethicone Trehalose Ammonium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/Beheneth-25 Methacrylate Crosspolymer PEG-14m Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer Tocopheryl Acetate PEG/PPG-14/7 Dimethyl Ether Rosa Damascena Flower Water Parfum Disodium EDTA Potassium Hydroxide Isoceteth-10 Linalool Lauryl Betaine Ginkgo Biloba Leaf Extract Geraniol Citronellol Origanum Majorana Leaf Extract Nelumbo Nucifera Germ Extract Alcohol Sodium Carboxymethyl Beta-Glucan BHT Thymus Serpyllum Extract Perilla Ocymoides Leaf Extract Sodium Bicarbonate Iris Florentina Root Extract Sodium Benzoate Ganoderma Lucidum Stem Extract Water, Alcohol Denat., Glycerin, Butylene Glycol, PEG/PPG-17/4 Dimethyl Ether, Triethylhexanoin, Cyclohexasiloxane, Dimethicone, Phenoxyethanol, Trehalose, Ammonium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/Beheneth-25 Methacrylate Crosspolymer, PEG-14m, Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer, Tocopheryl Acetate, PEG/PPG-14/7 Dimethyl Ether, Rosa Damascena Flower Water, Parfum, Disodium EDTA, Potassium Hydroxide, Silica, Isoceteth-10, Linalool, Lauryl Betaine, Ginkgo Biloba Leaf Extract, Geraniol, Citronellol, Origanum Majorana Leaf Extract, Nelumbo Nucifera Germ Extract, Alcohol, Sodium Carboxymethyl Beta-Glucan, BHT, Thymus Serpyllum Extract, Perilla Ocymoides Leaf Extract, Sodium Bicarbonate, Iris Florentina Root Extract, Sodium Benzoate, Ganoderma Lucidum Stem Extract These ingredients are found in both products. Ingredients higher up in an ingredient list are typically present in a larger amount. Butylene Glycol (or BG) is used within cosmetic products for a few different reasons: Overall, Butylene Glycol is a safe and well-rounded ingredient that works well with other ingredients. Though this ingredient works well with most skin types, some people with sensitive skin may experience a reaction such as allergic rashes, closed comedones, or itchiness. Glycerin (or glycerol) is a compound naturally found in your skin. It's a powerhouse humectant that pulls water into the stratum corneum. Topically, glycerin does several things at once: Your skin makes glycerin on its own (mostly from sebaceous oil breakdown) and shuttles it to your outermost layer of skin, or your epidermis, via aquaporin-3. Aquaporin-3 is a transporter that is essential for normal skin hydration, elasticity, and repair. Interestingly, mice lacking in AQP3 have dry and less elastic skin that can be fully corrected with glycerin. This ingredient is non-irritating, plays well with almost every ingredient, and works across all skin types. Typical use is anywhere between 3-10% but can go up to 79% in some leave-on products. Just know very high concentrations (>40%) can feel tacky in low humidity. Glycerin is the name for this ingredient in American English. British English uses Glycerol/Glycerine. Phenoxyethanol is one of the most widely used preservatives in skincare (and for good reason!). It has a large spectrum of antimicrobial activity and especially effective bacteria, yeast, and mold while only having a weak effect on your skin's natural microbiome. On a cellular level, it disrupts the cell membranes of microbes by poking holes that make the cell leak. This shuts down the chemical reactions the microbe needs to make energy so it can no longer survive. Another perk of this ingredient is that it stays functional across a wide pH range (3-10). You'll often see it paired with boosters like Ethylhexylglycerin; one study showed that a 1:9 ratio of Ethylhexylglycerin to Phenoxyethanol damages bacterial membranes as effectively as doubling the Phenoxyethanol concentration on its own. Typical use concentrations range from 0.3-1% depending on the formula, and this ingredient is capped at 1% int the EU. Safety-wise, the fear mongering does not hold up to the evidence. The EU's Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety and FDA consider it safe as a preservative at up to 1%, including for children of all ages. Adverse systemic effects only showed up in animal studies at exposures roughly 200x higher than what people get from cosmetics. And despite its very widespread use, this ingredient is a rare sensitizer and allergic reactions are uncommon. Silica, also known as silicon dioxide, is a naturally occurring mineral. It is used as a fine, spherical, and porous powder in cosmetics. Though it has exfoliant properties, the function of silica varies depending on