Paula's Choice Pro Retinaldehyde Dual-Retinoid Treatment Versus A313 Cream with Retinol & Vitamin A

Paula's Choice Pro Retinaldehyde Dual-Retinoid Treatment Versus A313 Cream with Retinol & Vitamin A Detailed comparison of Paula's Choice Pro Retinaldehyde Dual-Retinoid Treatment versus A313 Cream with Retinol & Vitamin A. This anti-aging treatment is formulated around Retinal and Oleyl Adapalenate to soften the look of wrinkles and refine skin texture. This brightening treatment is formulated around Retinyl Palmitate to fade the look of dark spots. Water Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride Simmondsia Chinensis Seed Oil Dimethicone Polyglyceryl-2 Stearate Propanediol Polyglyceryl-3 Diisostearate Sodium Stearoyl Glutamate Retinal Oleyl Adapalenate Tocopherol Tocopheryl Acetate Saccharomyces Ferment Filtrate Albatrellus Confluens Extract Punica Granatum Pericarp Extract Glyceryl Stearate Stearyl Alcohol Hydroxyapatite Butylene Glycol Cetyl Glyceryl Ether Ricinus Communis Seed Oil Sodium Polyacrylate Isopropyl Myristate Hydroxyacetophenone Caprylhydroxamic Acid Sodium Phytate Xanthan Gum Glycerin Hydroxystearic Acid Ceramide AP 1,2-Hexanediol Sorbitan Oleate Naringin Citric Acid Titanium Dioxide Water, Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Simmondsia Chinensis Seed Oil, Dimethicone, Polyglyceryl-2 Stearate, Propanediol, Polyglyceryl-3 Diisostearate, Sodium Stearoyl Glutamate, Retinal, Oleyl Adapalenate, Tocopherol, Tocopheryl Acetate, Saccharomyces Ferment Filtrate, Albatrellus Confluens Extract, Punica Granatum Pericarp Extract, Glyceryl Stearate, Stearyl Alcohol, Hydroxyapatite, Butylene Glycol, Cetyl Glyceryl Ether, Ricinus Communis Seed Oil, Sodium Polyacrylate, Isopropyl Myristate, Hydroxyacetophenone, Caprylhydroxamic Acid, Sodium Phytate, Xanthan Gum, Glycerin, Hydroxystearic Acid, Ceramide AP, 1,2-Hexanediol, Sorbitan Oleate, Naringin, Citric Acid, Titanium Dioxide PEG-8 PEG-75 Polysorbate 80 Retinyl Palmitate Arachis Hypogaea Oil PEG-8, PEG-75, Polysorbate 80, Retinyl Palmitate, Arachis Hypogaea Oil, Tocopherol These ingredients are found in both products. Ingredients higher up in an ingredient list are typically present in a larger amount. Tocopherol is a fat-soluble antioxidant known as Vitamin E. You'll find this ingredient in the vast majority of skincare (for good reason). It works to neutralize free radicals, or unstable molecules generated by UV exposure, pollution, and other environmental stressors, before they can cause oxidative damage to your skin cells. Topically applied tocopherol has been shown to protect against UV damage by ramping up the skin's own natural defense enzymes. It also acts as a skin conditioning agent; some studies show that regular topical use can improve the skin's water-binding capacity over 2-4 weeks. This ingredient is especially loved for being a team player. When combined with Vitamin C, the photoprotective effect of both ingredients roughly doubles and the combo also helps reduce UV-induced DNA damage. This ingredient has some brightening potential but it's more of a prevention ingredient than spot-fader. Cell studies show it can slow down melanin production but it's worth noting that it's not the most powerful brightener out there. In formulations, it also serves as a stabilizer that helps protect other oxidation-prone ingredients from degrading. Concentrations usually range from 0.1-1% in most leave-on products.