Ingredient or product comparison
Peptide Categories: [Types] Comparison
Signal Peptides Mimic ECM fragments; activate fibroblast collagen/elastin synthesis Palmitoyl pentapeptide-4, palmitoyl tripeptide-1 3–10 μM Multiple RCTs; moderate-quality evidence Proven collagen upregulation in vitro; clinical results variable due to formul
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- Signal Peptides
- Mimic ECM fragments; activate fibroblast collagen/elastin synthesis
- Palmitoyl pentapeptide-4, palmitoyl tripeptide-1
- 3–10 μM
- Multiple RCTs; moderate-quality evidence
- Proven collagen upregulation in vitro; clinical results variable due to formulation inconsistency
- Carrier Peptides
- Deliver trace metals (copper, manganese) for enzymatic cofactor roles
- GHK-Cu, carnosine
- 0.1–1.0 mM
- Strong in vitro evidence; limited in vivo trials
- High biological plausibility; requires intact copper chelation for activity
- Neurotransmitter Inhibitors
- Block SNARE complex; reduce muscle contraction intensity
- Acetyl hexapeptide-8 (Argireline)
- 5–10% topical
- Small RCTs; short-term effect documented
- Temporary wrinkle reduction; effect localizes poorly in standard creams
- Enzyme Inhibitors
- Inhibit MMPs or other proteases; reduce collagen degradation
- Soy peptides, rice peptides
- 1–5% topical
- Mostly in vitro; few clinical trials
- Mechanistically sound; lacks large-scale human efficacy data