Puca – Pure & Care Retinol Serum Vitamin A Versus The INKEY List Retinol Serum

Puca – Pure & Care Retinol Serum Vitamin A Versus The INKEY List Retinol Serum Detailed comparison of Puca – Pure & Care Retinol Serum Vitamin A versus The INKEY List Retinol Serum. This anti-aging serum is formulated around Retinol and Adenosine to soften the look of wrinkles and fade the look of dark spots. This anti-aging serum is formulated around Retinyl Acetate and Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7 to soften the look of wrinkles and refine skin texture. Water Propanediol Propylene Glycol Glycerin Corn Gluten Amino Acids Sodium Polyglutamate Hydroxypropyl Cyclodextrin PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil Sodium Hyaluronate Retinol Oligopeptide-1 Oligopeptide-2 Oligopeptide-5 Hyaluronic Acid Collagen Adenosine Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Extract Yeast Ferment Extract Silk Extract Avena Sativa Kernel Extract Mentha Arvensis Leaf Extract Pelargonium Graveolens Extract Portulaca Oleracea Extract Chrysanthemum Indicum Flower Extract Sophora Flavescens Root Extract Beta-Glucan Butylene Glycol Hexylene Glycol Xanthan Gum 1,2-Hexanediol Sodium Benzoate Ethylhexylglycerin Potassium Sorbate Sodium Hydroxide Hydroxyacetophenone Phenoxyethanol Water, Propanediol, Propylene Glycol, Glycerin, Corn Gluten Amino Acids, Sodium Polyglutamate, Hydroxypropyl Cyclodextrin, PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil, Sodium Hyaluronate, Retinol, Oligopeptide-1, Oligopeptide-2, Oligopeptide-5, Hyaluronic Acid, Collagen, Adenosine, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Extract, Yeast Ferment Extract, Silk Extract, Avena Sativa Kernel Extract, Mentha Arvensis Leaf Extract, Pelargonium Graveolens Extract, Portulaca Oleracea Extract, Chrysanthemum Indicum Flower Extract, Sophora Flavescens Root Extract, Beta-Glucan, Butylene Glycol, Hexylene Glycol, Xanthan Gum, 1,2-Hexanediol, Sodium Benzoate, Ethylhexylglycerin, Potassium Sorbate, Sodium Hydroxide, Hydroxyacetophenone, Phenoxyethanol Dicaprylyl Carbonate Retinyl Acetate Dimethicone Hydroxyethyl Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate Copolymer Caprylyl Glycol Phospholipids Squalane Glycine Soja Oil Carbomer Polysorbate 60 Tocopheryl Acetate Glycolipids Sodium Phytate Sorbitan Isostearate Glycine Soja Sterols Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate Sodium Lactate Tocopherol Polysorbate 20 Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7 Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1 Water, Glycerin, Butylene Glycol, Propanediol, Dicaprylyl Carbonate, Retinyl Acetate, Dimethicone, Phenoxyethanol, Hydroxyethyl Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate Copolymer, Caprylyl Glycol, Phospholipids, Squalane, Glycine Soja Oil, Carbomer, Polysorbate 60, Tocopheryl Acetate, Glycolipids, Sodium Hydroxide, Sodium Phytate, Sorbitan Isostearate, Glycine Soja Sterols, Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate, Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate, Hyaluronic Acid, Sodium Lactate, Tocopherol, Polysorbate 20, Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7, Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1 These ingredients are found in both products. Ingredients higher up in an ingredient list are typically present in a larger amount. Butylene Glycol (or BG) is used within cosmetic products for a few different reasons: Overall, Butylene Glycol is a safe and well-rounded ingredient that works well with other ingredients. Though this ingredient works well with most skin types, some people with sensitive skin may experience a reaction such as allergic rashes, closed comedones, or itchiness. Glycerin (or glycerol) is a compound naturally found in your skin. It's a powerhouse humectant that pulls water into the stratum corneum. Topically, glycerin does several things at once: Your skin makes glycerin on its own (mostly from sebaceous oil breakdown) and shuttles it to your outermost layer of skin, or your epidermis, via aquaporin-3. Aquaporin-3 is a transporter that is essential for normal skin hydration, elasticity, and repair. Interestingly, mice lacking in AQP3 have dry and less elastic skin that can be fully corrected with glycerin. This ingredient is non-irritating, plays well with almost every ingredient, and works across all skin types. Typical use is anywhere between 3-10% but can go up to 79% in some leave-on products. Just know very high concentrations (>40%) can feel tacky in low humidity. Glycerin is the name for this ingredient in American English. British English uses Glycerol/Glycerine. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a glycosaminoglycan (basically a long sugar chain) that your skin already makes on its own. In your skin, HA lives in the extracellular matrix and acts as the body's moisture reservoir. Topically, HA is a humectant that binds water and helps skin look more plump, smooth, and hydrated. The only catch is that HA isn't a single thing; it actually comes in a wide range of molecular weights (~50 - 2,000+ kDA) and size matters. Some clinical evidence links low molecular weight versions to improved wrinkle depth, elasticity, anti-inflammatory effects, and barrier repair. This is why the best HA serums blend the two sizes together so you get the best of both worlds. The majority of cosmetic HA is produced by bacterial fermentation, typically using Streptococcus or Bacillus strains. Typical use levels in skincare sit around 0.1-2%. A clinical study using a 0.2% low-molecular weight HA gel showed improvement in facial seborrheic dermatitis with excellent tolerance. These are some other common types of Hyaluronic Acid: Phenoxyethanol is one of the most widely used preservatives in skincare (and for good reason!). It has a large spectrum of antimicrobial activity and especially effective bacteria, yeast, and mold while only having a weak effect on your skin's natural microbiome. On a cellular level, it disrupts the cell membranes of microbes by poking holes that make the cell leak. This shuts down the chemical reactions the microbe needs to make energy so it can no longer survive. Another perk of this ingredient is that it stays functional acro