First Aid Beauty Ultra Repair Tinted Moisturizer - SPF 30

First Aid Beauty Ultra Repair Tinted Moisturizer - SPF 30 First Aid Beauty Ultra Repair Tinted Moisturizer - SPF 30 ingredients explained: Avobenzone (3%), Octinoxate (7.5%), Octisalate (5%), Octocrylene (7.5%), Water/Aqua/Eau, Cyclopentasiloxane, Dimethicone, Cetearyl Alcohol, Cetearyl Glucoside, Potassium Cetyl Phosphate, Polyglyceryl-4 Isostearate, Dimethicone Crosspolymer, Tocopheryl Acetate, Glycerin, Cetyl PEG/PPG-10/1 Dimethicone, Cetyl Dimethicone, Polysorbate 60, Butylene Glycol, Hexyl Laurate, Colloidal Oatmeal, Phenoxyethanol, Sodium Dehydroacetate, Sodium Hyaluronate, Camellia Sinensis (White Tea) Leaf Extract, Carbomer, Tribehenin, Limonene, Tetrasodium EDTA, Aminomethyl Propanol, Citrus Nobilis (Mandarin Orange) Peel Oil, Allantoin, Sodium Ascorbate, Glycyrrhiza Glabra (Licorice) Root Extract, Chrysanthemum Parthenium (Feverfew) Extract, Ci 77891 (Titanium Dioxide), Ci 77492, Ci 77499, Ci 77491 (Iron Oxides), Mica Show all ingredients by function Avobenzone (3%) sunscreen goodie Octinoxate (7.5%) 0, 0 Octisalate (5%) Octocrylene (7.5%) Water/Aqua/Eau solvent Cyclopentasiloxane emollient, solvent Dimethicone emollient 0, 1 Cetearyl Alcohol emollient, viscosity controlling, emulsifying, surfactant/​cleansing 1, 2 Cetearyl Glucoside emulsifying, surfactant/​cleansing Potassium Cetyl Phosphate Polyglyceryl-4 Isostearate emulsifying Dimethicone Crosspolymer viscosity controlling Tocopheryl Acetate antioxidant Glycerin skin-identical ingredient, moisturizer/​humectant superstar Cetyl PEG/PPG-10/1 Dimethicone Cetyl Dimethicone Polysorbate 60 Butylene Glycol moisturizer/​humectant, solvent Hexyl Laurate Colloidal Oatmeal soothing, antioxidant, emollient, abrasive/​scrub Phenoxyethanol preservative Sodium Dehydroacetate Sodium Hyaluronate Camellia Sinensis (White Tea) Leaf Extract antioxidant, soothing Carbomer Tribehenin Limonene perfuming, solvent icky Tetrasodium EDTA chelating Aminomethyl Propanol buffering Citrus Nobilis (Mandarin Orange) Peel Oil perfuming Allantoin soothing Sodium Ascorbate Glycyrrhiza Glabra (Licorice) Root Extract soothing, skin brightening Chrysanthemum Parthenium (Feverfew) Extract Ci 77891 (Titanium Dioxide) colorant Ci 77492 Ci 77499 Ci 77491 (Iron Oxides) Mica The famous Avobenzone. It is a special snowflake as it is the only globally available chemical sunscreen agent that provides proper UVA protection (in the US, new generation sunscreen agents are not approved because of impossible FDA regulations). It is the global gold standard of UVA protection and is the most used UVA sunscreen in the world. It gives very good protection across the whole UVA range (310-400 nm that is both UVA1 and UVA2) with a peak protection at 360 nm. The problem with it, though, is that it is not photostable and degrades in the sunlight. Wikipedia says that avobenzone loses 36% of its UV-absorption capacity after just one hour of sunlight (yep, this is one of the reasons why sunscreens have to be reapplied after a few hours). Expand to read more The cosmetic's industry is trying to solve the problem by combining avobenzone with other UV filters that enhance its stability (like octocrylene, Tinosorb S or Ensulizole) or by encapsulating it and while both solutions help, neither is perfect. Interestingly, the combination of avobenzone with mineral sunscreens (that is titanium dioxide and zinc oxide) is not a good idea. In the US, it is flat out prohibited as avobenzone becomes unstable when combined with mineral sunscreens. As for safety, avobenzone has a pretty good safety profile. It counts as non-irritating, and unlike some other chemical sunscreens, it shows no estrogenic effect. The maximum concentration of avobenzone permitted is 5% in the EU and 3% in the US. A clear, oil-soluble, "cosmetically-elegant" liquid that is the most commonly used chemical sunscreen. It absorbs UVB radiation (at wavelengths: 280-320 nm) with a peak protection at 310nm. It only protects against UVB and not UVA rays (the 320-400 nm range) – so always choose products that contain other sunscreens too. It is not very stable either, when exposed to sunlight, it kind of breaks down and loses its effectiveness (not instantly, but over time - it loses 10% of its SPF protection ability within 35 mins). To make it more stable it can be - and should be - combined with other sunscreen agents to give stable and broad-spectrum protection (the new generation sunscreen agent, Tinosorb S is a particularly good one for that). Regarding safety, there are also some concerns around Octinoxate. In vitro (made in the lab not on real people) and animal studies have shown that it may produce hormonal (estrogen-like) effects. Do not panic, the studies were not conducted under real life conditions on real human people, so it is probably over-cautious to avoid Octinoxate altogether. However, if you are pregnant or a small child (under 2 yrs. old), choose a physical (zinc oxide/titanium dioxide) or new-generation Tinosorb based sunscreen, just to be on the super-safe side. :) Overall, Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate is an old-school chemical sunscreen agent. There are plenty of better options for sun protection today, but it is considered "safe as used" (and sunscreens are pre what‑it‑does irritancy, com. emollient | solvent emollient | viscosity controlling | emulsifying | surfactant/cleansing emulsifying | surfactant/cleansing skin-identical ingredient | moisturizer/humectant moisturizer/humectant | solvent soothing | antioxidant | emollient | abrasive/scrub antioxidant | soothing perfuming | solvent soothing | skin brightening

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