Lunar Glow Vitamin C + Hyaluronic Acid Serum

Lunar Glow Vitamin C + Hyaluronic Acid Serum Lunar Glow Vitamin C + Hyaluronic Acid Serum ingredients explained: Aqua (Water), Propylene Glycol, Betaine, Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate, Sodium Hyaluronate, Lactic Acid, Caprylyl Caprylate, Biosaccharide Gum-1, Glycerin, Sodium Anisate, Xanthan Gum, Phenoxyethanol, Tetrasodium EDTA, Sodium Levulinate, Sodium Hydroxide Show all ingredients by function Aqua (Water) solvent Propylene Glycol moisturizer/​humectant, solvent 0, 0 Betaine moisturizer/​humectant goodie Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate antioxidant, anti-acne Sodium Hyaluronate skin-identical ingredient, moisturizer/​humectant Lactic Acid exfoliant, moisturizer/​humectant, buffering superstar Caprylyl Caprylate emollient Biosaccharide Gum-1 soothing, moisturizer/​humectant Glycerin Sodium Anisate antimicrobial/​antibacterial Xanthan Gum viscosity controlling Phenoxyethanol preservative Tetrasodium EDTA chelating Sodium Levulinate Sodium Hydroxide buffering Good old water, aka H2O. The most common skincare ingredient of all. You can usually find it right in the very first spot of the ingredient list, meaning it’s the biggest thing out of all the stuff that makes up the product. It’s mainly a solvent for ingredients that do not like to dissolve in oils but rather in water. Expand to read more Once inside the skin, it hydrates, but not from the outside - putting pure water on the skin (hello long baths!) is drying. One more thing: the water used in cosmetics is purified and deionized (it means that almost all of the mineral ions inside it is removed). Like this, the products can stay more stable over time. It's a helper ingredient that improves the freeze-thaw stability of products It's also a solvent, humectant and to some extent a penetration enhancer It has a bad reputation among natural cosmetics advocates but cosmetic scientists and toxicology experts do not agree (read more in the geeky details section) A sugar beet-derived amino acid derivative with nice skin protection and moisturization properties. Betaine's special thing is being an osmolyte, a molecule that helps to control cell-water balance. It is also a natural osmoprotectant, meaning that it attracts water away from the protein surface and thus protects them from denaturation and increases their thermodynamic stability. It also gives sensorial benefits to the formula and when used in cleansers, it helps to make them milder and gentler. The sodium salt form of skincare superstar, vitamin C. If you do not know what the big fuss about vitamin C is, you are missing out and you have to click here and read all the geeky details about it. Pure vitamin C (aka ascorbic acid, AA) is great and all, but its lack of stability is a big challenge for the cosmetics industry. One solution is to create stable derivatives that can be absorbed into the skin, convert there to AA and do all the magic AA is proven to do (which is being an antioxidant, a collagen booster, and a skin brightener). SAP (the vit C derivative, not the enterprise software, obvs) is a promising derivative that has great stability up to pH 7. The challenge with it though is skin penetration. Unfortunately, it seems to be limited, or to quote a great article from the Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology "topically applied ascorbyl phosphate salts are, at very best, poorly absorbed in comparison with AA". Regarding conversion to AA, there seems to be no data about it, so we can neither deny nor confirm it. We have better news regarding the three magic abilities of vitamin C: there is in-vivo (tested on real people) data showing that SAP does have photo-protective (aka antioxidant) properties, though less than pure AA. SAP might also aid collagen boosting; in-vitro (made in the lab) data shows that it works, but is less effective than another vitamin C derivative, called MAP (that seems to be as effective as pure AA). As for skin-brightening, there is a trade publication with in-vivo data sho what‑it‑does moisturizer/humectant | solvent irritancy, com. moisturizer/humectant antioxidant | anti-acne skin-identical ingredient | moisturizer/humectant exfoliant | moisturizer/humectant | buffering soothing | moisturizer/humectant antimicrobial/antibacterial

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