Royal Beauty Collagen Serum + Vitamin C Serum

Royal Beauty Collagen Serum + Vitamin C Serum Royal Beauty Collagen Serum + Vitamin C Serum ingredients explained: Alpha - Arbutin, Aqua, Benzisothiazolinone, Butylene Glycol, Carbomer, Centella Asiatica Extract, Ci 45370, Collagen, EDTA, Fragrance, Hyaluronic Acid, Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate, Methylisothiazolinone, Poly Sodium, Vitamin B3, Niacinamide, Polyquaternium-11, Polysorbate 20, Niacinamide, ( Sorbitol, Tranexamic Acid, Triethanolamine Show all ingredients by function Alpha - Arbutin antioxidant, skin brightening goodie Aqua solvent Benzisothiazolinone antimicrobial/​antibacterial Butylene Glycol moisturizer/​humectant, solvent 0, 1 Carbomer viscosity controlling Centella Asiatica Extract soothing, antioxidant, moisturizer/​humectant Ci 45370 colorant Collagen moisturizer/​humectant EDTA chelating Fragrance perfuming icky Hyaluronic Acid skin-identical ingredient, moisturizer/​humectant Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate skin brightening, antioxidant Methylisothiazolinone preservative Poly Sodium Vitamin B3 cell-communicating ingredient, skin brightening, anti-acne, moisturizer/​humectant superstar Niacinamide Polyquaternium-11 Polysorbate 20 emulsifying, surfactant/​cleansing 0, 0 ( Sorbitol Tranexamic Acid skin brightening, soothing Triethanolamine buffering 0, 2 An optical isomer of naturally occurring arbutin (or beta-arbutin). Just like its sibling, alpha-arbutin is also a skin-brightening, depigmenting agent. Researching the difference between the two kinds of arbutin, you can read in multiple places on the internet that alpha-arbutin is stronger in effect. Unfortunately, it's never backed up with a credible source. :( Our own research resulted in conflicting results: a study from 1995 found that alpha-arbutin is 10x as effective on mouse melanoma as beta-arbutin. On the other hand, a more recent study from 2015 found that beta-arbutin is more effective both on mouse melanoma cells and on human melanoma cells (btw, kojic acid was the most effective on human melanoma cells). Expand to read more None of the studies we could find is in-vivo (made on real people) anyways, so who knows. We think you cannot go wrong with trying both beta- and alpha-arbutin and see if one works better for you than the other. Good old water, aka H2O. The most common skincare ingredient of all. You can usually find it right in the very first spot of the ingredient list, meaning it’s the biggest thing out of all the stuff that makes up the product. It’s mainly a solvent for ingredients that do not like to dissolve in oils but rather in water. Once inside the skin, it hydrates, but not from the outside - putting pure water on the skin (hello long baths!) is drying. One more thing: the water used in cosmetics is purified and deionized (it means that almost all of the mineral ions inside it is removed). Like this, the products can stay more stable over time. We don't have description for this ingredient yet. Butylene glycol, or let’s just call it BG, is a multi-tasking colorless, syrupy liquid. It’s a great pick for creating a nice feeling product. BG’s main job is usually to be a solvent for the other ingredients. Other tasks include helping the product to absorb faster and deeper into the skin (penetration enhancer), making the product spread nicely over the skin (slip agent), and attracting water (humectant) into the skin. It’s an ingredient whose safety hasn’t been questioned so far by anyone (at least not that we know about). BG is approved by Ecocert and is also used enthusiastically in natural products. BTW, it’s also a food additive. A big molecule created from repeated subunits (a polymer of acrylic acid) that magically converts a liquid into a nice gel formula. It usually has to be neutralized with a base (such as sodium hydroxide) for the thickening to occur and it creates viscous, clear gels that also feel nice and non-tacky on the skin. No wonder, it is a very popular and common ingredient. Typically used at 1% or less in most formulations. Centella Asiatica - or sometimes also called Gotu Kola or Cica - has been used in folk medicine for hundreds of years. It’s traditionally used to improve small wounds, burns and scratches and it’s also a well known anti-inflammatory agent for eczema. Recently science has taken an i what‑it‑does antioxidant | skin brightening antimicrobial/antibacterial moisturizer/humectant | solvent irritancy, com. soothing | antioxidant | moisturizer/humectant moisturizer/humectant skin-identical ingredient | moisturizer/humectant skin brightening | antioxidant cell-communicating ingredient | skin brightening | anti-acne | moisturizer/humectant emulsifying | surfactant/cleansing skin brightening | soothing

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