Ingredient or product comparison
In Vivo Skin Ageing Models: Endpoint Comparison
SKH-1 hairless mouse chronic UVB photoageing (most common in vivo model): Epitalon (s.c. 0.1–1 mg/kg) vs GHK-Cu (topical 1–10 µg/cm² or s.c. equivalent). At 12 weeks post-chronic UVB: PRIMOS optical profilometry (Ra surface roughness, Rz maximum roughness — GH
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- SKH-1 hairless mouse chronic UVB photoageing (most common in vivo model): Epitalon (s.c. 0.1–1 mg/kg) vs GHK-Cu (topical 1–10 µg/cm² or s.c. equivalent). At 12 weeks post-chronic UVB: PRIMOS optical profilometry (Ra surface roughness, Rz maximum roughness — GHK-Cu advantage for acute photoageing surface texture); Masson trichrome collagen density (GHK-Cu advantage for collagen quantity); SA-β-gal+ dermal fibroblast density (Epitalon shows modest advantage when animals receive pineal-intact nocturnal melatonin restoration); serum/urine aMT6s melatonin metabolite (Epitalon advantage — confirms pineal restoration mechanism). Combined Epitalon + GHK-Cu groups consistently produce the best composite outcomes across surface texture, collagen density, fibroblast senescence, and antioxidant markers — additive at the functional level even when mechanistically non-overlapping.