Paula's Choice Earth Sourced Purely Natural Refreshing Toner (Discontinued)

Paula's Choice Earth Sourced Purely Natural Refreshing Toner (Discontinued) Paula's Choice Earth Sourced Purely Natural Refreshing Toner ingredients explained: Water, Glycerin (Hydration/Skin Replenishing), Sodium Hyaluronate (Hydration/Skin Replenishing), Chamomilla Recutita Matricaria Flower Extract (Chamomile Extract/Skin-Soothing), Vitis Vinifera Seed Extract (Grape Extract/Antioxidant), Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract (Green Tea Extract/Antioxidant), Camellia Oleifera Leaf Extract (Green Tea/Antioxidant), Avena Sativa Extract (Oat Extract/Skin-Soothing), Punica Granatum Extract (Pomegranate Extract/Antioxidant), Sambucus Nigra Fruit Extract (Black Elderberry Extract/Antioxidant), Peucedanum Graveolens Extract (Dill Extract/Antioxidant), Lycium Barbarum Fruit Extract (Antioxidant), Hydrogenated Lecithin (Skin-Renewing), Tocopherol (Vitamin E/Antioxidant), Helianthus Annuus Seed Oil (Sunflower Oil/Non-Fragrant Oil/Antioxidant/Emollient), Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis Oil (Almond Oil/Non-Fragrant Oil/Emollient), Vaccinium Macrocarpon Seed Oil (Cranberry Oil/Non-Fra Show all ingredients by function Water solvent Glycerin (Hydration/Skin Replenishing) skin-identical ingredient, moisturizer/​humectant 0, 0 superstar Sodium Hyaluronate (Hydration/Skin Replenishing) goodie Chamomilla Recutita Matricaria Flower Extract (Chamomile Extract/Skin-Soothing) soothing, antioxidant Vitis Vinifera Seed Extract (Grape Extract/Antioxidant) antioxidant, antimicrobial/​antibacterial Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract (Green Tea Extract/Antioxidant) antioxidant, soothing Camellia Oleifera Leaf Extract (Green Tea/Antioxidant) Avena Sativa Extract (Oat Extract/Skin-Soothing) antioxidant, soothing, emollient, abrasive/​scrub Punica Granatum Extract (Pomegranate Extract/Antioxidant) Sambucus Nigra Fruit Extract (Black Elderberry Extract/Antioxidant) Peucedanum Graveolens Extract (Dill Extract/Antioxidant) Lycium Barbarum Fruit Extract (Antioxidant) Hydrogenated Lecithin (Skin-Renewing) emollient, emulsifying Tocopherol (Vitamin E/Antioxidant) antioxidant 0-3, 0-3 Helianthus Annuus Seed Oil (Sunflower Oil/Non-Fragrant Oil/Antioxidant/Emollient) emollient Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis Oil (Almond Oil/Non-Fragrant Oil/Emollient) 0, 1-3 Vaccinium Macrocarpon Seed Oil (Cranberry Oil/Non-Fragrant Oil/Antioxidant/Emollient) Olea Europaea Fruit Oil (Olive Oil/Non-Fragrant Oil/Antioxidant/Emollient) antioxidant, emollient 0, 0-2 Vaccinium Myrtillus Seed Oil (Bilberry Oil/Non-Fragrant Oil/Antioxidant/Emollient) Arginine skin-identical ingredient Glycine Alanine Serine Valine Proline Threonine Isoleucine Histidine Phenylalanine Aspartic Acid (Amino Acid Complex/Hydration/Skin Replenishing) Sodium PCA (Hydration/Skin Replenishing) Sodium Lactate (Hydration) buffering, moisturizer/​humectant Pca (Hydration/Skin Replenishing) Xanthan Gum (Texture-Enhancing) viscosity controlling Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate (Preservative) antimicrobial/​antibacterial, preservative Benzyl Alcohol (Preservative) preservative, perfuming, solvent, viscosity controlling Phenoxyethanol (Preservative) preservative Good old water, aka H2O. The most common skincare ingredient of all. You can usually find it right in the very first spot of the ingredient list, meaning it’s the biggest thing out of all the stuff that makes up the product. It’s mainly a solvent for ingredients that do not like to dissolve in oils but rather in water. Expand to read more Once inside the skin, it hydrates, but not from the outside - putting pure water on the skin (hello long baths!) is drying. One more thing: the water used in cosmetics is purified and deionized (it means that almost all of the mineral ions inside it is removed). Like this, the products can stay more stable over time. A natural moisturizer that’s also in our skin A super common, safe, effective and cheap molecule used for more than 50 years Not only a simple moisturizer but knows much more: keeps the skin lipids between our skin cells in a healthy (liquid crystal) state, protects against irritation, helps to restore barrier Effective from as low as 3% with even more benefits for dry skin at higher concentrations up to 20-40% High-glycerin moisturizers are awesome for treating severely dry skin It’s the - sodium form - cousin of the famous NMF, hyaluronic acid (HA). If HA does not tell you anything we have a super detailed, geeky explanation about it here. The TL; DR version of HA is that it's a huge polymer (big molecule from repeated subunits) found in the skin that acts as a sponge helping the skin to hold onto water, being plump and elastic. HA is famous for its crazy water holding capacity as it can bind up to 1000 times its own weight in water. As far as skincare goes, sodium hyaluronate and hyaluronic acid are pretty much the same and the two names are used interchangeably. As cosmetic chemist kindofstephen writes on reddit "sodium hyaluronate disassociates into hyaluronic acid molecule and a sodium atom in solution". In spite of this, if you search for "hyaluronic acid vs sodium hyaluronate" you will find on multiple places that sodium hyaluronate is smaller and can penetrate the skin better. Chemically, this is definitely not true, as the two forms are almost the same, both are polymers and the subunits can be repeated in both forms as much as you like. (We also checked Prospector for sodium hyaluronate versions actually used in cosmetic products and found that the most common molecular weight was 1.5-1.8 million Da that absolutely counts as high molecular weight). What seems to be a true difference, though, is that the salt form is more stable, easier to formulate and cheaper so it pops up more often on the ingredient lists. If you wanna become a real HA-and-the-skin expert you can read way more about the topic at hyaluronic acid (including penetration-questions, differences between high and low molecular weight versions and a bunch of references to scientific literature). Chamomile probably needs no introduction as it's one of the most widely used medicinal herbs. You probably drink it regularly as a ni what‑it‑does skin-identical ingredient | moisturizer/humectant irritancy, com. soothing | antioxidant antioxidant | antimicrobial/antibacterial antioxidant | soothing antioxidant | soothing | emollient | abrasive/scrub emollient | emulsifying antioxidant | emollient buffering | moisturizer/humectant antimicrobial/antibacterial | preservative preservative | perfuming | solvent | viscosity controlling

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