Skin science article
Glad2Glow Centella 2% Salicylic Acid Overnight Acne Spot Treatment Versus First Aid Beauty Acne Spot Treatment Gel 2% Salicylic Acid
Glad2Glow Centella 2% Salicylic Acid Overnight Acne Spot Treatment Versus First Aid Beauty Acne Spot Treatment Gel 2% Salicylic Acid This acne treatment is formulated around Centella Asiatica Extract and Salicylic Acid to clear breakouts and calm redness. This
Glad2Glow Centella 2% Salicylic Acid Overnight Acne Spot Treatment Versus First Aid Beauty Acne Spot Treatment Gel 2% Salicylic Acid
This acne treatment is formulated around Centella Asiatica Extract and Salicylic Acid to clear breakouts and calm redness.
This acne treatment is formulated around Glycolic Acid and Urea to clear breakouts and refine skin texture.
What's inside
Key Ingredients
Benefits
Concerns
Ingredients Side-by-side
Water
Butylene Glycol
Salvia Miltiorrhiza Root Extract
Centella Asiatica Extract
Spiraea Ulmaria Extract
Salicylic Acid
Niacinamide
Amylopectin
Glycerin
Xanthan Gum
Cyclodextrin
Platonin
Ceramide NP
Ceramide AP
Ceramide EOP
Portulaca Oleracea Extract
Panthenol
Sodium Hyaluronate
Beta-Glucan
Lactobacillus/Soymilk Ferment Filtrate
Pentylene Glycol
Hydroxyphenyl Propamidobenzoic Acid
Juniperus Communis Fruit Extract
Morus Alba Root Extract
Perilla Ocymoides Leaf Extract
Hemerocallis Fulva Flower Extract
Maltodextrin
Calcium Pantothenate
Urea
Caprylyl Glycol
Ethylhexylglycerin
Papain
Sodium Citrate
Magnesium Chloride
Magnesium Lactate
Potassium Lactate
Serine
Alanine
Proline
Glycolic Acid
Caprylhydroxamic Acid
O-Cymen-5-Ol
1,2-Hexanediol
Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer
Zinc PCA
Allantoin
Dipotassium Glycyrrhizate
Phytosphingosine
Cholesterol
Sodium Lauroyl Lactylate
Carbomer
Water, Butylene Glycol, Salvia Miltiorrhiza Root Extract, Centella Asiatica Extract, Spiraea Ulmaria Extract, Salicylic Acid, Niacinamide, Amylopectin, Glycerin, Xanthan Gum, Cyclodextrin, Platonin, Ceramide NP, Ceramide AP, Ceramide EOP, Portulaca Oleracea Extract, Panthenol, Sodium Hyaluronate, Beta-Glucan, Lactobacillus/Soymilk Ferment Filtrate, Pentylene Glycol, Hydroxyphenyl Propamidobenzoic Acid, Juniperus Communis Fruit Extract, Morus Alba Root Extract, Perilla Ocymoides Leaf Extract, Hemerocallis Fulva Flower Extract, Maltodextrin, Calcium Pantothenate, Urea, Caprylyl Glycol, Ethylhexylglycerin, Papain, Sodium Citrate, Magnesium Chloride, Magnesium Lactate, Potassium Lactate, Serine, Alanine, Proline, Glycolic Acid, Caprylhydroxamic Acid, O-Cymen-5-Ol, 1,2-Hexanediol, Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer, Zinc PCA, Allantoin, Dipotassium Glycyrrhizate, Phytosphingosine, Cholesterol, Sodium Lauroyl Lactylate, Carbomer
Hydroxyethylcellulose
Phenoxyethanol
Sodium Hydroxide
Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice
Bisabolol
Colloidal Oatmeal
Carica Papaya Fruit Extract
Potassium Sorbate
Sodium Benzoate
Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract
Chrysanthemum Parthenium Extract
Glycyrrhiza Glabra Root Extract
Salix Nigra Bark Extract
Disodium Phosphate
Polysorbate 60
Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate
Sodium Phosphate
Citric Acid
Water, Butylene Glycol, Hydroxyethylcellulose, Glycerin, Phenoxyethanol, Sodium Hydroxide, Glycolic Acid, Urea, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice, Bisabolol, Colloidal Oatmeal, Maltodextrin, Carica Papaya Fruit Extract, Potassium Sorbate, Sodium Benzoate, Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract, Chrysanthemum Parthenium Extract, Glycyrrhiza Glabra Root Extract, Salix Nigra Bark Extract, Disodium Phosphate, Polysorbate 60, Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate, Sodium Phosphate, Citric Acid
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Alternatives
Ingredients Explained
These ingredients are found in both products.
Ingredients higher up in an ingredient list are typically present in a larger amount.
Butylene Glycol (or BG) is used within cosmetic products for a few different reasons:
Overall, Butylene Glycol is a safe and well-rounded ingredient that works well with other ingredients.
Though this ingredient works well with most skin types, some people with sensitive skin may experience a reaction such as allergic rashes, closed comedones, or itchiness.
Glycerin (or glycerol) is a compound naturally found in your skin. It's a powerhouse humectant that pulls water into the stratum corneum.
Topically, glycerin does several things at once:
Your skin makes glycerin on its own (mostly from sebaceous oil breakdown) and shuttles it to your outermost layer of skin, or your epidermis, via aquaporin-3.
Aquaporin-3 is a transporter that is essential for normal skin hydration, elasticity, and repair. Interestingly, mice lacking in AQP3 have dry and less elastic skin that can be fully corrected with glycerin.
This ingredient is non-irritating, plays well with almost every ingredient, and works across all skin types. Typical use is anywhere between 3-10% but can go up to 79% in some leave-on products.
Just know very high concentrations (>40%) can feel tacky in low humidity.
Glycerin is the name for this ingredient in American English. British English uses Glycerol/Glycerine.
Glycolic Acid is arguably the most famous alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) with tons of research backing its benefits.
It is found naturally in sugar cane but the form used in skincare is usually synthetic for purity and stability.
Glycolic acid removes the top layer of dead skin cells to allow newer and fresher ones to emerge.
AHAs work by breaking down the structural “glue” that holds old skin cells in place. When that buildup is gone, your skin can renew itself more efficiently.
Research also shows glycolic acid stimulates collagen production, helping to firm and thicken the skin over time. This is one of its biggest advantages over other AHAs.
Overall, glycolic acid helps with:
Fun fact: Glycolic acid boosts skin hydration by helping it produce molecules that increase hyaluronic acid naturally.
To work best, glycolic acid products should have a pH between 3-4 (that’s where exfoliation is most effective but still gentle on skin).
The pH and concentration of a product are key to its effectiveness:
It is normal to feel a slight stinging sensation when using glycolic acid. This usually fades as your skin adjusts.
Because glycolic acid has the smallest molecular size in the AHA family, it can penetrate deeper, which enhances its effectiveness but also makes it more likely to irritate sensitive skin.
If your skin is very sensitive or prone to rosacea, glycolic acid may be too strong; in that case, try milder options like lactic acid or a PHA instead.
Recent studies suggest glycolic acid might even help protect against UV damage. But don’t skip sunscreen! Freshly exfoliated skin is more sensitive to the sun.
Glycolic acid is a skincare superstar. It smooths, brightens, hydrates, and firms the skin. Unless you’re highly sensitive, it’s well worth adding to your routine.
Read more about some other popular AHA's here:
Maltodextrin is a plant-derived carbohydrate made by breaking down starch (usually from corn, potato, or rice). In cosmetic formulas, it's a multitasking absorbent, emulsion stabilizer, and skin conditioner.
This ingredient is mostly used to stabilize emulsions and improve the powdery, non-greasy feel of products (like dry shampoos).
Safety-wise, this ingredient is pretty solid; it's even recognized as a food additive. Both animal and clinical studies found no adverse effects at the levels used in cosmetics.
Industry data shows this ingredient is used up to 45.7% in spray products and up to 33% in powder products.
Urea is also called carbamide and is the diamide of carbonic acid. In cosmetics, urea is used to hydrate the skin. It also provides exfoliation in higher concentrations.
As a humectant, urea helps draw moisture from the air and from deep within the skin. This helps hydrate your skin. Studies show urea is an effective moisturizer for dry skin conditions. 40% urea is typical in medications for treating eczema and other skin conditions.
Urea has the strongest exfoliation effect in concentrations higher than 10%. It is a keratolytic agent, meaning it breaks down the keratin protein in the top layer of skin. This helps remove dead skin cells and flaking skin.
In medicine, urea has been shown to help increase the potency of other ingredients, such as fungal treatments.
Humans and animals use urea to metabolize nitrogen-containing compounds. Urea is highly soluble in water. Once dissolved, it is neither acidic nor alkaline.
Urea is actually one of the more well-studied and well-supported ingredients out there if you have eczema.
Clinical trials have shown that urea creams in the 5 - 10% range can:
Higher concentrations (20 -30%) can also help with thickened, scaly patches but is also more likely to sting on active flares.
Skip urea if you have rosacea. The AAD (American Academy of Dermatology) lists it alongside alcohol, menthol, and fragrance as a potential irritant for rosacea-prone skin. Urea's keratolytic and penetration-enhancing properties can trigger stinging, burning, and redness.
As always, your skin is unique, so definitely check in with your dermatologist.
Water. It's the most common cosmetic ingredient of all. You'll usually see it at the top of ingredient lists, meaning that it makes up the largest part of the product.
So why is it so popular? Water most often acts as a solvent - this means that it helps dissolve other ingredients into the formulation.
You'll also recognize water as that liquid we all need to stay alive. If you see this, drink a glass of water. Remember to stay hydrated!